4 drawing up a complete sketch of an architectural project. What includes a draft design. Comparative analysis of material costs

GOST 2.119-2013

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Unified system for design documentation

PRELIMINARY DESIGN

Unified system for design documentation Preliminary design

For the text of the Comparison of GOST 2.119-2013 with GOST 2.119-73, see the link.
- Note from the manufacturer of the database.
____________________________________________________________________

ISS 01.110
OKSTU 0002

Introduction date 2015-07-01

Foreword

Foreword

The goals, basic principles and the main procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established in GOST 1.0-2015 "Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions" and GOST 1.2-2015 "Interstate standardization system. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for development, adoption , updates and cancellations "

Information about the standard

1 DEVELOPED by the Federal State unitary enterprise"All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Standardization and Certification in Mechanical Engineering" (VNIINMASH), Autonomous non-profit organization Research Center of CALS-Technologies "Applied Logistics" (ANO Research Center of CALS-Technologies "Applied Logistics")

2 INTRODUCED by the Federal Agency for technical regulation and metrology

3 ACCEPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (minutes of November 14, 2013 N 44, Appendix N 24 add.)

Voted for adoption:

4 By order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of November 26, 2014 N 1794-st interstate standard GOST 2.119-2013 put into effect as a national standard Russian Federation from July 01, 2015

5 REPLACE GOST 2.119-73

6 REVISED as amended (IUS N 7 2015). December 2018


Information on changes to this standard is published in the annual information index " National standards"(as of January 1 of the current year), and the text of changes and amendments is in the monthly information index" National Standards. " information, notice and texts are also posted in information system common use- on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet (www.gost.ru)

1 area of ​​use

This standard establishes requirements for the implementation of a conceptual design for products of all industries.

Based on this standard, it is allowed, if necessary, to develop standards that clarify the nomenclature of the developed design documents and the list of work performed at the stage of the draft design, taking into account the specifics of the designed products and the organization of work.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following interstate standards:

GOST 2.002-72 Unified system for design documentation. Requirements for models, layouts and templates used in the design.

GOST 2.052-2015 Unified system for design documentation. Electronic model of the product. General Provisions

GOST 2.053-2013 Unified system for design documentation. Electronic structure of the product. General Provisions

GOST 2.102-2013 Unified system for design documentation. Types and completeness of design documents

GOST 2.103-2013 Unified system for design documentation. Development stages

GOST 2.106-96 Unified system for design documentation. Text documents

GOST 2.118-2013 Unified system for design documentation. Technical Proposal

GOST 2.201-80 Unified system for design documentation. Designation of products and design documents

GOST 2.301-68 Unified system for design documentation. Formats

GOST 2.501-2013 Unified system for design documentation. Accounting and storage rules

GOST 2.503-2013 Unified system for design documentation. Change rules

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the operation of reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annual information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and by the editions of the monthly information index "National Standards" for the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard, the replacing (modified) standard should be followed. If the reference standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the reference to it is given applies to the extent not affecting this reference.

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations

3.1 Terms and definitions

This standard applies following terms with the corresponding definitions:

3.1.1

3.2 Abbreviations

The following abbreviations are used in this standard:

KD - design document (design documents, design documentation);

SCh - an integral part of the product;

TK - technical task;

TP - technical proposal;

ESI - electronic model of the prefabricated unit *;
_____________

* The text of the document corresponds to the original. - Note from the manufacturer of the database

EP - preliminary design;

ESI - electronic structure of a product.

EMSE is an electronic model of an assembly unit.

4 Key points

4.1 EP is the design stage of development of design documentation (according to GOST 2.103) and it should be developed in accordance with the technical specification in order to establish fundamental design solutions that give a general idea of ​​the device, the principles of operation and overall dimensions of the product being developed, as well as data that determine its main parameters, when it is advisable to do it before the development of TP or working design documentation.

At the stage of development of the electronic signature, variants of the product and (or) its SC should be considered. The ES can be developed without considering various options at this stage.

4.2 Basic requirements for the development of CD EP in accordance with GOST 2.103, accounting and storage - in accordance with GOST 2.501; introduction of changes - in accordance with GOST 2.503.

4.3 When developing an electronic signature, it is necessary to carry out the work necessary to ensure the requirements for the product and to establish fundamental decisions... The list of necessary work is determined by the developer, depending on the nature and purpose of the product and is coordinated with the customer (customer office), if the product is being developed by orders of the Ministry of Defense.

An approximate list of works is given in Appendix A.

Note - At the stage of ES development, the works given at the stage of development of a technical proposal should not be repeated if they cannot provide additional data. In this case, the results of earlier work are reflected in the explanatory note.

4.4 The set of design documentation for electronic codes should include design design documentation with the letters "E" in accordance with GOST 2.102, provided for by the TOR and / or the protocol for considering a technical proposal.

4.5 When performing CD in electronic form ESI projects and an electronic model of a product (assembly unit, complex, kit) should be carried out in accordance with GOST 2.053 and GOST 2.052, respectively, with a degree of detail characteristic of this stage of development (EP).

Design documents developed for the manufacture of material layouts in accordance with GOST 2.002, or electronic layouts developed in accordance with GOST 2.052, should not be included in the set of design documents for electronic codes.

4.6 Copies of the EDS CA according to the EDS list, completed in accordance with the procedure established in GOST 2.106, should be submitted for verification, agreement and approval. It is allowed, upon agreement with the customer (customer office), to present the originals of the CD EDS.

4.7 The form for submitting the DC EDS (paper or electronic), if it is not indicated in the TOR and / or the protocol for considering a technical proposal, must be determined by the developer in agreement with the customer (customer office), if the product is being developed by order of the Ministry of Defense. It is allowed to include in electronic signature in CD in various forms of presentation.

4.8 Designation of KD EP should be performed in accordance with GOST 2.201 (Appendix 1).

5 Requirements for the implementation of design documents

5.1 General requirements to the execution of design documents of the draft design

5.2 General arrangement drawing (electronic model of the assembly unit)

5.2.1 At the stage of EDS development, the general view of the product can be made as a paper CD (general drawing) or as an electronic CD (EMSE). In general, they should contain:

a) images of the product (types, sections, sections), text part and inscriptions necessary for understanding the structural device of the product, the interaction of its constituent parts and the principle of operation of the product;

b) the names, as well as designations (if any) of those CPs for which it is necessary to indicate data (technical characteristics, quantity, instructions on the material, the principle of operation, etc.) or a reference to which is necessary to explain the images of a general drawing or EMSE, descriptions of the principle of operation of the product, instructions on the composition, etc.;

c) dimensions and other data applied to the images (if necessary);

d) a diagram (electrical, hydraulic, etc.), if it is necessary, but it is impractical to issue it as a separate design document;

e) the technical characteristics of the product, if it is necessary for the convenience of comparing options according to the general drawing or EMSE.

5.2.2 Images should be made with the maximum simplifications provided for by the standards of the Unified System for Design Documentation. The midrange of products, including borrowed and purchased products, are depicted with simplifications (sometimes in the form of contour outlines), if at the same time an understanding of the structural arrangement of the product under development, the interaction of its midrange and the principle of operation of the product is provided.

5.2.3 Individual images of the SC should be placed on one general sheet with images of the entire product or on separate (subsequent) sheets of the general arrangement drawing.

When performing EMSE, it is recommended to place models of individual midrange in separate files.

5.2.4 The names and designations of the CP in the general arrangement drawing or EMSE should be indicated in one of the following ways:

a) on the shelves of leader lines;

b) in a table placed on the same sheet as the image of the product;

c) in a table made on separate sheets of A4 format in accordance with GOST 2.301 as subsequent sheets of the general drawing. In the general view drawing or EMSE, it is recommended to indicate the names and designations of the midrange of the product in the ways according to a) and c). If there is a table on the shelves of the leader lines, the position numbers of the component parts included in the table are indicated.

The table generally consists of graphs:

"Position", "Designation", "Name", "Quantity", "Additional instructions".

5.2.5 The names and designations of the midrange in the table or ESI are recommended to be placed in the following order:

borrowed products;

purchased products;

newly developed products.

5.2.6 Elements of a general arrangement drawing or EMSE (position numbers, text of technical requirements, inscriptions, etc.) are performed according to the rules established by the standards of the Unified System for Design Documentation.

5.3 List of draft design

All design documentation should be entered in the ES list in the manner prescribed by GOST 2.106, regardless of which version the design documentation belongs to. It is allowed in the "Note" column to indicate the option corresponding to this CD.

It is allowed to be included in the CD in various forms of presentation (in paper or electronic), while in the column "Note" it is recommended to indicate the form of presentation.

5.4 Explanatory note

5.4.1 Explanatory note ES should be performed in accordance with GOST 2.106, taking into account the following basic requirements for the content of sections:

a) in the "Introduction" section, the name, number and date of approval of the TK should be indicated. If the development of the electronic signature is provided not by the TK, but by the protocol of consideration of the technical proposal, then an entry should be made according to the type: "Development of the preliminary design is provided for by the technical proposal ..." and indicate the number and date of the protocol of consideration of the technical proposal;

b) in the section "Purpose and scope of the product being developed", the relevant information from the TOR and / or technical proposal, as well as information specifying and complementing the TOR and the technical proposal, should be provided, in particular:

- brief description scope and conditions of product use;

- general characteristics the object for which this product is intended for use (if necessary);

c) in the section "Technical characteristics" should be given:

- the main technical characteristics of the product (power, speed, performance, power consumption, fuel consumption, efficiency and other parameters characterizing the product);

- information on compliance with or deviations from the requirements established by the TK and the technical proposal, if it was developed, with justification for deviations;

- data comparing the main characteristics of the product with the characteristics of analogs (domestic and foreign) or a link to a map of the technical level and quality should be given;

d) in the section "Description and justification of the selected design" should be given:

- description of the design, justification of the fundamental decisions taken at this stage (constructive, circuit, etc.).

Illustrations should be provided if necessary. When executing an explanatory note in the form of an electronic CD, it is allowed to provide a link to electronic layouts (models) made in accordance with GOST 2.052;

- information about the purpose of material layouts (if they were made), electronic layouts (if they were developed), the program and method of testing or analysis (or a link to a separate CD - the program and methodology of testing or analysis), test results or analysis and data of conformity assessment of layouts specified requirements, including ergonomics and technical aesthetics;

- photographs of material layouts (if necessary);

- designations of the main design documents, according to which material layouts were made or electronic layouts were developed, the number and date of reports (or protocols for testing, analysis, etc. (for information);

- information about the manufacturability of the design of products;

- verification data decisions taken on patent purity and competitiveness;

- information on the use of inventions in this development, on the submitted applications for new inventions;

- information on the compliance of the product with the requirements of safety measures and industrial sanitation;

- preliminary information about the packaging and transportation of the product (if necessary);

- technical requirements for purchased products and materials used in the product being developed, which should be developed by other organizations. Such technical requirements can be given in the annex to the explanatory note;

- information on the conformity of the borrowed SPs used in the product, purchased products and materials to the product under development in terms of technical characteristics, operating modes, warranty periods, operating conditions;

- the main issues of the technology of manufacturing products;

- information about the safety of the product and its impact on the environment;

Product disposal information;

e) in the section "Calculations confirming the performance and reliability of the structure", the following should be given:

- approximate calculations confirming the performance of the product (kinematic, electrical, thermal, calculations of hydraulic systems, etc.);

- approximate calculations confirming the reliability of the product (calculations of indicators of reliability, durability, maintainability, preservation, etc.). With a large amount of calculations, they can be issued in the form of independent design documents, while in this section only the results of calculations are given. For each type of calculation, indicate the means of software and information support automated systems(if used to perform calculations);

f) in the section "Description of the organization of work with the use of the developed product" preliminary information should be provided on the organization of work with the product at the site of operation, including:

- a description of the techniques and methods of working with the product in the modes and conditions provided for by the TK;

- a description of the order and methods of storage, transportation, installation of the product and its commissioning at the place of operation, as well as maintenance during storage, transportation and installation;

- information about the qualifications and the number of service personnel.

g) in the section "Expected technical and economic indicators", approximate calculations of economic indicators should be provided;

i) in the section "The level of standardization and unification" preliminary information on the use of standard, unified and borrowed assembly units and parts in the developed product should be provided.

5.4.2 The annex to the explanatory note should include:

a) a copy of the TK;

b) if necessary - a list of works that should be carried out at the next stage of product development;

c) materials of artistic design, which are not design documents;

d) a list of used literature, etc .;

e) a list of documents used in the development of electronic signatures and received by the developer of products from other organizations (copyright certificates, a report on patent research, consumer certificates on the required volume of production of developed products, etc.). At the same time, documents should not be included in the annex to the explanatory note, but the explanatory note may contain the necessary information from these documents (for example, the subject of the invention, the required quantities of products for a quarter, for a year, for a five-year period), as well as the number and date of the document or a cover letter;

f) a list of software and information support for automated systems used in the development of electronic signatures.

Appendix A (recommended). The list of works performed in the development of a draft design

In general, when developing a draft design, the following work should be carried out:

1 Implementation of options for possible solutions, the establishment of the features of the options (characteristics of the midrange options, etc.), their design study. The depth of this study should be sufficient to compare the options under consideration.

2 Preliminary solution of issues of packaging, transportation and operation of the product.

3 Production and testing of material layouts and / or development and analysis of electronic layouts in order to check the principles of operation of the product and / or its components.

4 Development and justification of technical solutions aimed at ensuring the reliability indicators established by the technical specification and technical proposal.

5 Evaluation of the product for manufacturability and the correct choice of means and methods of control (testing, analysis, measurements).

6 Evaluation of the product according to the indicators of standardization and unification.

7 Evaluation of the product in relation to its compliance with the requirements of ergonomics, technical aesthetics. If necessary, to establish the ergonomic, aesthetic characteristics of the product and for the convenience of comparing various options for these characteristics, material layouts are made and (or) electronic layouts are developed.

8 Checking options for patent purity and competitiveness, registration of applications for inventions.

9 Verification of compliance of options with safety and industrial hygiene requirements.

10 Comparative assessment of the options under consideration, questions metrological support the product being developed (the possibility of choosing methods and measuring instruments). The comparison is carried out in terms of product quality indicators (purpose, reliability, manufacturability, standardization and unification, economic, aesthetic, ergonomic). In this case, one should take into account the design and operational features of the developed and existing products, trends and prospects for the development of domestic and foreign technology in this area.

11 Choice the best option(options) of the product, the rationale for the choice; making fundamental decisions; confirmation (or clarification) of the requirements for the product (technical characteristics, quality indicators, etc.) established by the technical specification and technical proposal, and determination of technical and economic characteristics and indicators not established by the technical specifications and technical proposal.

12 Revealing, on the basis of the adopted fundamental decisions, new products and materials that should be developed by other organizations, drawing up technical requirements for these products and materials.

13 Compilation of a list of works that should be carried out at the next stage of development, in addition or clarification of the works provided for by the TOR and the technical proposal.

14 Working out the main issues of manufacturing technology (if necessary).

15 Preparation of proposals for the development of standards (revision and amendments to existing standards), provided for by the TOR at this stage of development.

16 Elaboration of issues ensuring the possibility of using CD in electronic form at subsequent stages of development.

17 Establishing the features of the options, a comparative assessment of the options under consideration and the choice of the optimal option (options) of the product should be carried out on the basis of the functional electronic structure of the product, and the presentation and information of various options for the structure of the product in the form of the constructive electronic structure of the product in accordance with GOST 2.053.

Electronic text of the document
prepared by JSC "Kodeks" and verified by:
official publication
M .: Standartinform, 2018

Individual design

Draft design is the first and very important stage of design work to create a virtual prototype of your future home. An architect by synthesizing and taking into account all the necessary initial data, terms of reference, requirements normative documents and building rules, constructive validity and feasibility, aesthetic appeal of the future structure creates sketches.

Sketches - drawings of a sketch design, which will be subjected to meticulous detailing and deep study at the stage of detailed design. You should not be frivolous about this project stage, on the literacy of the decisions of which the success of the development of working documentation for construction will directly depend. We recommend contacting professionals.

On this page of the site you can familiarize yourself with the examples and the composition of the preliminary design (ES) - find out what it includes; the level of its elaboration, the composition of the drawings; the level of detail of the general view - 3D visualization of an individual residential building.

Navigation

Preliminary design. Definition

A draft design is a complex of design work performed by a specialist (architect) in accordance with the customer's specifications and in compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents and construction conditions. The basis of this project is the author's idea (foresketch, architectural concept) of planning, facade and volumetric solutions of the projected object. A sketch design is a document resulting from a design, which is released in the form of an album containing graphic and textual data that determine the main parameters of an object and its component parts.

What is the conceptual design for?

The process of developing a detailed design for construction country house is strictly consistent. Preliminary design- this is the first stage of design. It can be called the genetic code of your future home. The main task that this project solves is the creation of an architectural idea, the concept of an external and internal image of a house that meets aesthetic, practical, functional requirements.

The draft design contains answers to many questions that any person asks himself before starting construction. What will the house look like, its landing on the site, the appearance (facades), the internal layout - the arrangement of rooms, their size and interrelation, ease of use, reliability, aesthetics, style of the future house.

In the draft design, the basis of the structural scheme of the building is set - which walls will be load-bearing, which are just partitions, what type of floors will be used, what kind of roof, stairs, etc.

Based a well-executed draft design you can immediately start creating a working project (architectural, structural, engineering solutions), a project that is necessary for the implementation of construction. An incorrectly made draft design needs to be corrected and redone. All the shortcomings of the "raw sketch" come up, as a rule, during the development of a working project.

A draft design is also one of the documents required to obtain a permit for the construction of a country house.

What is included in the draft design

Below is a list of what the sketch design of the house includes.

• title page (cover)
• content (list of project drawings)
• scheme master planМ1: 500
• floor plans
• facades
• computer 3D visualization

By agreement with the customer, the composition of the basic draft design of a country house can be supplemented, for example, with solutions for exterior finishing (facade design), or some materials (graphic, text) may not be included in the project.

An example of an extended sketch design

Master plan of the site M 1: 500

Facade decoration. Explanations

3D rendering. View 1

3D rendering. View 2

3D rendering. View 3

3D rendering. View 4

The color scheme of the main facade of the house

The color scheme of the rear facade of the house

The color scheme of the side facade of the house

Main facade drawing

Rear elevation drawing

Right elevation drawing

Left elevation drawing

Basement floor plan drawing

1st floor plan drawing

2nd floor plan drawing

Section 1-1

Section 2-2

Roof plan drawing

An example of a basic sketch design

Master plan of the site M 1: 500

3D rendering

Main facade drawing

Rear elevation drawing

Right elevation drawing

Left elevation drawing

1st floor plan

2nd floor plan

Section 1-1

Section 2-2

Roof plan

So, we learned what a draft design of a country house is, examined its composition and configuration options. As for the degree of elaboration of the drawings, in the projects of our workshop, you may notice that all elevations are indicated on the facades and sections, the bindings and dimensions of all walls and partitions, window and door openings are given on the floor plans.

Due to the fact that normative documents on design does not contain clear requirements for the development of drawings of a draft design, often only axial or general overall dimensions are shown on sheets of draft designs of other architectural workshops. Having saved on detailed design, clients successfully build houses if they are small in area and simple in volume, according to our "sketches". But nevertheless, the development of a full working project is preferable, since simple houses can have their own design features and nuances.

By separate agreement with the customer, the project can also be supplemented with color images of the facades, 3d visualization of general views with the elaboration of the facade design. The surcharge for the facade design service is 130 rubles. / sq.m. the total area of ​​the house.

The cost of making a draft design

Enter indicative total area home and click "Calculate" to find out the cost of an individual production of a draft design. For the clients of our architectural studio, there are 3 options for completing this project to choose from.

Is it possible to make a draft design cheaper?

We always try to meet our clients halfway and take into account their wishes. We also treat with understanding the issue of reducing the cost of design work. But a decrease in the cost of a preliminary design does not mean a decrease in its quality, or negligent performance of professional duties. We will tell you with a clear example how to make the price of the digital signature more affordable without losses. Let's say there is a need to design a house of 150 sq.m. will cost RUB 55,500(370 rubles / sq. M.)

Now let's go through the list, and if all the conditions are met:

• no need for 3D visualization of the facades of the house
• on the plans only axial dimensions, overall marks on the facades and sections
• issued only electronic version draft design (without hard copies on paper)

RUB 55,500 turn into RUB 36,000(240 rubles / sq. M.). Reduced cost by more than 30% and profit 19 500 rub. for a small house of 150 sq.m. At the same time, we changed the level of detail of the sketch design, but not its quality.

Example of a simplified sketch design

General explanatory note Roof plan

Individual draft design or typical?

If we consider two options for the conceptual design - individual and ready-made standard in terms of price, the second option looks more tempting, since it is cheaper. But often not taken into account is the fact that standard solutions in the project you need to bind to land plot a certain shape and orientation to the cardinal points (the correct insolation of the living quarters of the house will depend on this).

By no means always is everything in a typical project satisfied and it will not require any changes. Also, sometimes there are errors of a constructive nature - the supporting system of the building is not thought out, the stairs in the house are not convenient to use, the boiler room does not meet the requirements of regulatory documents, etc. The total cost depends on the volume of these adjustments, which in some cases may be comparable to the cost of an individual draft design.

As for the timing. Ready-made can be purchased in a few days. Making an individual draft design of a house takes 1 month or more. Corrections and adaptation of the finished draft design can take up to 1 month. The total time spent will depend on whether the source is available standard project(as a rule, they are not provided when selling) and how much changes and adjustments are needed in general.

When buying a ready-made standard sketch design of a house, they choose the most suitable one. An individual approach to design takes into account the needs of the customer in full and without compromises - style, space-planning, functional, economic, etc.

Country house. Design and construction

Comparative analysis material costs

As a rule, the cost of a high-quality completed working project in full configuration in percentage terms is about 5% of the cost of building a "box" at home. Draft design - 0.8%, architectural design - 0.9%, design of constructive solutions - 1.4%, projects of engineering solutions - 1.9%.

Terms of reference and an example of a draft design available for download

Files available for free download

You are familiar with the composition draft design

The preliminary design stage is the first and very important stage in the development of an individual house project. This is the most creative part of the whole job.

Draft design (architectural concept) is the result integrated analysis a large number of different factors, the adoption of well-grounded conceptual decisions with reference to the original terms of reference for the design.

It is important to understand that at the stage of developing a draft design, detailed calculations of structural elements are not carried out, therefore, the architect must have sufficient knowledge and technical literacy so that the decisions made do not contradict building codes.

In the process of working on a draft design, the Customer is presented with several solutions to choose from. The options may differ in minor details, or, conversely, be the complete opposite of each other. After analyzing several proposals, the customer chooses the option that suits him in all respects.

What is a preliminary design for?

It makes it possible in a short time to visually present and agree on fundamental decisions in style, architectural design, functionality, planning solutions, dimensions, layout of the house on the land plot.

Allows you to determine the approximate cost and timing of work on the construction of a house, their sequence and list, the facility's need for energy supply, as well as determine the preliminary work necessary to prepare the site for development.

Together with the accompanying documents, it allows you to coordinate and obtain a building permit from the authorities

It is the basis for the detailed development of the adopted design solutions and the release of the Working documentation required for construction

Composition of the draft design

The composition of the preliminary design is regulated by state standards GOST 2.119-73 "Unified system for design documentation".

The initial data for its development are the terms of reference for design, urban planning, topographic survey of the site.

The list of drawings that make up the draft design varies depending on terms of reference and the complexity of the designed object.

The documentation set of the "Draft Design" section consists of text and graphic parts - an explanatory note, sketches, 3D images of the object. The form for submitting documents of the draft design (paper or electronic) is determined by the developer in agreement with the customer.

The main sections of the draft design:

• general layout scheme on a scale of 1: 500 with access roads;
• floor plans with overall dimensions and areas of premises;
• elevation drawings of facades showing frontal views of the house from each side;
• sections of the object in characteristic zones;
• roof plan;
• 3D visualization;
• explanatory note.

The location of the house on the site (master plan). An object capital construction cannot be arbitrarily placed on the site. When choosing the layout of the house and adjacent buildings, the requirements are taken into account fire safety, sanitary norms and other building rules. It is important to correctly orient the elements of the house relative to the cardinal points, ensuring the correct insolation of the premises, to coordinate the chosen solution with the surrounding landscape and the layout of the existing communications. The general layout diagram includes not only the projected object, but also the adjacent buildings and access roads.

Floor plans. The architect develops plans for the layout of the main premises of the floors with the location of load-bearing walls, partitions, ceilings, roofs, door and window openings, staircases, and foundations. This takes into account the thickness of walls, floors and ceilings, foundation structures and the layout of equipment and communications. All decisions are consistent with fire safety requirements. By prior arrangement for this stage conceptual arrangement of furniture and selection of finishing materials can be performed.

Facade drawings. Facades in sketch drawings play an important role, since they most clearly reflect the intention of the architect and engineer (authors of the project). The concept is presented in graphical form appearance houses, its overall and height dimensions, colors, types of building and finishing materials, the layout of windows, doors, balconies, terraces is being thought out. Despite the variety of graphic techniques for performing facades, the drawing should be extremely accurate in drawing, concise and easy to understand.

Roof plan. It is one of the required drawings for construction and installation work and is a top view of the building. It is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 21.501-2011 "System of design documentation for construction". The roof plan of a building gives an overview of the shape of the building and defines the position of all protruding roof elements, including the gutter system.

The following are applied to the roof plan of the building:

• coordination axes and outlines of the outer perimeter of the building, indicating the main dimensions and linking elements;
• the values ​​of the slopes are indicated and a schematic image of the transverse profile of the roof is applied;
• skates, edges and valleys are indicated and the direction of the slopes is indicated;
• the positions and main dimensions of the elements of the roof are applied (dormer windows, stove and ventilation pipes, deflectors, ventilation shafts, lanterns, parapets, fire escapes, etc.);
• elements of the roof railing, funnels and gutters of internal and external drainage systems are indicated.

Explanatory note. In the text part of the project, a description of the characteristics and functional purpose of the object is given, some of its technical and economic indicators are considered. The explanatory note indicates the approximate volume of the main building materials and construction and installation works. After working out the conceptual design, the picture of the forthcoming financial costs and labor costs for designing the building becomes clear.