How many cows were there. Milk yield from a cow: how many liters can you take? When milk is produced in cows

Few of us know how much milk a cow gives per day and when it appears. If you are also interested, then we will find out about the productivity of cows right now.

Like any other mammalian animal, a cow feeds her offspring with milk. That is, this product appears in her exclusively for feeding babies. But you can say that the cow gives this product even without the calf. Yes, it is, man has adapted to use the productivity of an animal for his own purposes.

But the cow will give milk almost all year round only if it is milked regularly. Thus, the female's body will perceive the need to produce a product, supposedly for a calf. That is, in other words, the milk will be as long as it is regularly removed.

Each cow's milk appears immediately after calving. The product in the first weeks after the birth of a baby is called colostrum. It is distinguished by its high fat content and special composition, therefore it is used only for feeding the calf. After mating with a bull, the cow gradually stops milking, a dry period begins. At this time, the animal's body "rests" and puts all its energy into the development of the fetus.

One of the most important rules for getting milk is good feeding and proper preparation of the cow for calving.

Good productivity rules

The milk production of cows, not counting the breed and type (beef or dairy), depends on several factors:

• you need to start the animal in a timely manner, that is, stop milking. As a rule, this is two months before calving;
• you need to feed and care for the cow well during the dry period;
• if the animal continues to give milk and its udder is inflated, it is necessary to reduce the amount of succulent feed;
• milking should be completely stopped only after the animal has reduced productivity to 0.5 liters per day.

How much milk does one individual give?

So, we know about why and when the cows give milk. Now let's talk about what milk yield one individual can give. Milk production depends primarily on age and breed. As a result of breeding work, special breeds of animals have been bred today, which show very high results for almost the entire season. Of course, there are also record holders. We'll talk about them later.

The average productivity of conventional dairy breeds is 5000 liters of product per milking season. If you break this number into a day, you get about 17 liters. Of course, this figure is too average, because productivity varies throughout the year. This is influenced by the quality of the feed, the individual characteristics of the animal, the climate and even the treatment of the owner. The highest milk yield is observed in cows by the fifth calving.

In a day

After the first calving, a young cow gives an average of about 9 liters of milk. After subsequent calving and with age, the productivity of cows increases and by the fifth season it reaches 12 liters per day. But there are also their own records. For example, cows of dairy breeds - Holstein or Yaroslavl, give from 20 to 40 liters per day.

True, in this case it is worth remembering the saying “Milk is on the tongue of a cow,” since good milk yield depends on genetics only by 20%, but on feeding - by all 70%. If the daily requirement exceeds 10 liters, additional nutritional supplements should be added to the animal's feed in order to avoid various problems.

Per day

The daily milk yield of dairy breeds is highest during the service period, that is, in the interval between calving and subsequent pregnancy. In the middle of this period, one individual, for example, of the Holstein breed, can produce up to 80 liters of product per day.

In Week

Knowing how much milk on average one cow gives per day, it is easy to calculate what the productivity of the animal per week. For example, if a young cow produces about 12 liters of milk per day, then an average of about 85 per week is obtained.

Per month

It is difficult to calculate the monthly milk yield for one cow, since productivity is more dependent on feeding. One day one cow can give 12 liters, on others, depending on the nutrition, from 9 to 15. Therefore, the monthly milk yield is considered approximate - more than 300 liters.

In year

The milk production potential of an average-aged cow of the universal breed per year is about 4-5 thousand liters. However, representatives of the Holstein breed show record milk yields - up to 12 thousand. On dairy farms, this figure remains the same in winter.

And in winter?

Since milk productivity depends more on nutrition, in winter, in the absence of a large amount of juicy feed and greens, the cow gives less product. That is why it is customary to launch an animal in winter, that is, to prepare it for calving. But calving time is also a very important point. For example, females who gave birth to a baby in November-December give 300-700 kilograms more milk than those calving in summer. Typically, in many households, calves are born in February.

How to choose a dairy cow?

If you want to buy a real wet nurse for your family and the amount of milk is an extremely important indicator for you, then we offer you some tips for choosing a highly productive one. First of all, this concerns her external data.

1. The animal should have an elongated body, strong high legs and a slightly flattened body.
2. Small and light head.
3. Thin neck with many folds.
4. Sloping ribs and straight back.
5. The abdomen is uniform, but not hanging below the knee joint.
6. The special shape of the udder is voluminous and smooth without the presence of unevenness.
7. A good sign is the presence of large milk folds on the udder.

Dairy farm video

In this video you will see how dairy cows live on a farm, find out how much product they give, as well as the whole technology of its production.

Daily milk yields are different for all cows. Some cows are distinguished by high milk yield, while others give very little milk. Cattle productivity depends on many factors, and under their influence it can change during life.

Beginning of lactation in cows

The cow begins to milk and milk within a few hours after the first calving. Usually the calf is weaned from the cow immediately after giving birth. This practice is widespread not only on large farms, but also on private farmsteads. This helps to milk the cow properly, and to get a good daily milk yield. With the onset of lactation, the cows are transferred to enhanced nutrition, and the water must be constantly in the drinker. The amount of fresh drinking water directly affects milk production. Normal lactation lasts nine months in a cow. Three months before calving, the cow is not milked. This period is called the launch, and is necessary for the animal to rest and gain strength. After a new calving, lactation resumes.

For the first five to seven days, cow's milk is not suitable for human consumption. It is too fat and is intended for feeding the calf. Despite this, the udder must be milked completely.

Swiss dairy breed

Daily milk yield in cows

Good living conditions allow the cows to live up to thirty years. But usually the average life expectancy of a cow is about 20 years. During this time, they bring up to 15 calves. At the age of 16 - 18, cows lose the ability to reproduce and stop producing milk. Old animals are usually slaughtered or handed over to a meat processing plant, citing the unprofitability of keeping.

The productivity of a cow depends on the breed and conditions of keeping.

A non-pedigree animal gives no more than 5000 liters of milk per lactation. From this indicator, you can easily calculate how many liters of milk a cow gives per day - about 16.

Dairy breeds have different characteristics. On average, cows produce from 9,000 to 14,000 liters per year. In terms of daily milk yield, this is about 30 liters. In our country, the most popular dairy breeds are:

• Holshtinskaya,
• Black motley
• Jersey,
• Ayshirskaya,
• Yaroslavl,
• Kholmogorskaya,
• Steppe.

The season of the year also affects the productivity of the cow. In the warm months of spring and summer, when there is a lot of fresh grass containing vitamins and essential trace elements, the yield is always higher. The difference between daily summer and winter milk yields is 5 - 7 liters.

Another important factor is the age of the cow. Regardless of the breed, new heifers usually produce about ten liters per day. How much milk per cow per day also depends on health and proper feeding.

When undernourished and during illness, even high-yielding cows reduce milk production by more than a third.

The highest records in daily milk yield belong to cows from Israel, Denmark and the United States, and the absolute record - a daily milk yield of fifty-six liters belongs to a cow from Israel.

In addition to the above factors, the condition of the cow and the observance of the basic rules of milking also affect how much milk a cow gives per day. Regular veterinary check-ups, routine vaccinations and hoof care also play an important role.

How much milk a cow gives per day also depends on proper feeding. It is necessary to feed the cow during lactation in advance, that is, to give more feed. Juicy food and water are especially important in the daily diet. It is advisable to have an auto drinker installed in the stall. This would provide the animal with free access to water.

Milk yield records

High-milk cows are found in all breeds. In the dairy industry, not only daily, but also annual calculation of milk yield from cows is mandatory. The absolute record for annual milk yield belongs to a cow from Cuba, Ubre Blanca. In 1981, she produced 41,673 liters of milk. Ubre Blanque was not a purebred, but a cross between a hunchbacked local zebu and a Holstein cow. Russian cows also set two records and are in the third and fifth places in the world table. In 1941, the Vienna of the Yaroslavl breed produced 30,869 liters of milk, and in 1973 the Russian black-and-white breed produced 19,670 liters.

Ayshir breed - record holders in milk yield

Choosing a well-fed cow

For farmers, the milk yield of a cow plays a key role, but buying a new calf, even from a high-performing uterus, does not always end with a dairy cow. Determination of milkiness by external signs is important and not only when buying a new calf. If a cow is in a dry period or has just begun to breeding, the udder will be much smaller, which means that the determination of its productivity should be carried out on other grounds.

The high-milk cow has a slightly barrel-shaped and elongated body, with dense bones and good muscles. The animal should have straight and strong legs, with a wide set. The rib cage of a high-milk cow is wide and deep. This shape of the sternum means proper development of the lungs and heart. The intercostal space should also be wide, and the ribs should be oblique in relation to the spine. It also speaks of developed lungs and a well-formed digestive system.

Another important point is a wide and even, not drooping backside. A well-developed sacrum facilitates the calving process.

Special attention should be paid to the udder of a cow. The large size of the udder indicates high productivity (not to be confused with a drooping udder. If the udder is saggy, this is a minus, since the cow will step on it and injure it). The udder is divided in shape into:

• Bath-like,
• Goat,
• Cup-shaped.

Goat udder - saggy, poorly developed, with thick and closely spaced teats. A cow with such an udder will not perform well. A good udder is an udder with evenly developed quarters, between which there are no deep furrows. The optimal nipple length is about seven centimeters. Shorter nipples are not comfortable during milking, and longer nipples indicate the hardiness of the cow.

Knowing how many liters of milk a cow gives per day is especially useful for novice farmers who are just about to purchase an animal. This will allow you to determine whether the purchase will be profitable and will help you rationally plan the consumption of dairy products. In addition, operating with such indicators will allow you to correctly assess the productivity of cows that are already on the farm, and take timely measures to increase milk yield.

Average milk yield of a cow

Milk productivity of cattle is a rather variable value. First of all, it depends on the age of the animal. As a rule, starting from the first lactation period, milk yield constantly grows with each subsequent period, reaching a peak by 4-7 (depending on a number of individual characteristics) lactation. From this time on, the body is no longer so good at replenishing the reserves of nutrients and the productivity of cows gradually begins to decline.

The breed of the animal is also of great importance. Some of them, breeders bred deliberately, by crossing the most productive existing species. As a result, these cows are capable of producing just a record amount of milk. But if we take it as a whole, the average figure is about 5 thousand liters. At the same time, a general idea of ​​the productivity of a cow is compiled on the basis of daily and annual milk norms.

Per day

How much milk a cow gives in one day is largely influenced by the housing conditions that were provided to her, the season, the diet, and the lactation period. As a result of some scientific research, it was possible to find out that even the way the owner interacts with the cow affects the daily milk yield. In addition, the breed is far from the last place. Special dairy breeds, such as the Dutch, are capable of producing about 20 liters of milk per day. At the same time, the productivity of meat and dairy cows can vary from 12 to 17 liters per day.

Reference. The average milk yield for cattle in Russia is 17 liters of milk per day.

In year

Annual milk yield allows you to register the total productivity of livestock and, on its basis, adjust the housing conditions and the diet of cows for the next year. In the domestic open spaces, the average for non-dairy breeds is about 4000-5000 thousand liters. The annual productivity of dairy breeds is approximately 6000-8000 thousand liters. At the same time, the Holstein variety, under proper conditions, easily overcomes the bar of 10 thousand, and in some farms, milk yields are recorded, reaching up to 12 thousand.

How to choose a cash cow?

When choosing a cow that will yield a decent milk yield in the future, first of all, you need to pay attention to the breed. In Russia today, highly productive dairy cows are represented by 10 main breeds. Of these, the most common:

1. Holstein... Under proper conditions of keeping, the average daily volume of milk in one individual is 23 liters. The breed is rightfully one of the three leaders in productivity.
2. Dutch... Animals of this variety have been valued for their high productivity for several centuries. Moreover, it is this breed that is most often taken as a basis in breeding work. The daily milk yield of Dutch cows averages 20 liters.
3. Red steppe... Representatives of this breed can hardly be classified as highly productive, since they bring no more than 15-17 liters of milk per day. But, its advantage is that the animal is extremely unpretentious in nutrition, and even on underdeveloped vegetation is capable of reaching the indicated norms.
4. Black and motley... The daily milk yield is 17 liters. At the same time, the cow is distinguished by a high level of adaptation to various living conditions. Shows high productivity in both cold and warm climates.

Also, the Yaroslavl, Ayrshir, Tagil varieties are quite popular.

But, in addition to the correctly selected breed, it is necessary to pay attention to the parameters of a particular animal. First of all, the appearance of the animal is taken into account. A dairy cow has the following nuances in the constitution:

• the head, in comparison with the body, should be small;
• the neck is dotted with a lot of folds;
• the belly has a barrel-shaped convex shape. In this case, you should carefully look so that it does not sag;
• the chest is wide, with large distances between the ribs;
• the back should not be bent, while the sacrum is wide and strong in structure;
• the legs should not be very muscular, but strong, otherwise the animal will be inactive, which means that it will be much more difficult to reach maximum milk yield;
• the udder is large with protruding nipples and pronounced blood vessels; during milking, it significantly decreases in size and is taken in folds at the back.

By the exterior and behavior of the animal, one can also judge its health. You should not buy coughing individuals, cows with cracks, ulcers or wounds of an unknown nature on the skin or udder. Areas with inflamed skin or hardened areas on the udder are also a warning. The coat should be shiny and soft to the touch. In the behavior of the animal, activity and a calm disposition should prevail.

It should be noted that in addition to the general appearance, the age of the animal should also be taken into account. If the distributor of cattle enjoys the confidence of the breeder, you can be guided by his words when buying. If the cow is purchased from strangers, the age can be calculated independently. All you need to do is look at the horns. It is best to take into account the number of rings on the horns. Each such ring appears during pregnancy.

By counting the rings and adding two years to the resulting number, you can find out the approximate age of the animal. It just doesn't make sense to buy a cow after 5-6 calving, as its productivity is already declining. In addition to the quantity, pay attention to the arrangement of the rings as well. This will help determine the regularity of pregnancy in livestock. If there is too much distance between some of the rings, the cow was barren in some periods.

And, finally, it is necessary to consider how it is planned to milk the acquired animals. If milking is done manually, you should definitely try to milk the animal before purchasing. This is a completely rational selection criterion. If milk has to be squeezed out of the udder, it is better not to buy such an individual. Even with all its productivity, the milking process will be extremely difficult and take a lot of effort.

How to increase milk yield in a cow?

How much milk a cow gives is influenced by many different factors. But, first of all, in order to ensure high milk yield, it is necessary to take care of the correct and balanced nutrition of the animal.

Milk in the mammary gland is made on the basis of nutrients that enter it from digested food. And if there are not enough easily digestible carbohydrates, fats and vitamins in it, the body will begin to borrow all the necessary components for the production of milk mass from reserve stocks. As a result, in addition to a sharp decrease in productivity, the weight of the cow itself will begin to fall. Especially intensively, this phenomenon can be traced three months before calving and in the next three after the appearance of the offspring.

This problem can be solved in the summer due to pasture maintenance. In the grass, the animal will find the protein and other components necessary for the development and formation of milk. In winter, you need to provide the animal with a sufficient amount of concentrated and juicy feed. In addition, one should also not forget about various mineral and vitamin supplements.

Attention! Proper feeding must be complemented by free access to water. The cow should drink when she needs it and in the right amount.

Also, to a certain extent, a gradual increase in the duration of daylight hours due to lighting devices can contribute to a higher milk formation. If it is increased to 16 hours, the productivity of a cow can increase by 1/10.

In addition, regular long walks should be included in the daily schedule of the animal, even when kept in stalls. They contribute to faster absorption of nutrients and increased appetite.

Another important factor affecting milk yield is regular and timely milking. It must be done at the same time. In addition, such a process requires adherence to a number of important points, which just contribute to a better milk release. These points include:

1. Preliminary massage. Before each milking, the udder of the cow should be thoroughly massaged for at least a minute. This will contribute to the general relaxation of the animal, as well as the release of oxytocin into the body, which drives all the milk formed into the lower part of the udder.
2. Fast transition to milking. The cow should be milked immediately after the massage. This is important because oxytocin ceases to act after 5-6 minutes, and the release of the milk mass becomes less intense.
3. Elimination of any discomfort. No matter how it sounds, nothing should distract or frighten the animal during milking. A loud noise, shouting, careless movement that causes pain in the cow can lead to a sharp decrease in milk production. As a result, the daily milk yield may drop.

A prerequisite for good milk yield in winter is the optimal temperature regime in the stable. In the absence of high-quality insulation and heating, more than 20% of the energy obtained from food is spent on heating the cow's body. Accordingly, the energy consumption for milk production is reduced, therefore it is extremely important to provide heat in the stalls during the cold season.

Factors affecting milk production of cows

As already noted, a variety of factors affect the productivity of a cow. Among them, the main ones can be considered:

1. Breed and genetic predisposition to high milk yield. Even in dairy breeds, low-yielding animals are sometimes found and it is likely that their offspring will also belong to this category.
2. Live weight of the animal. The more a cow weighs, the more milk it can produce. The reason for this is the higher intake of nutrients.
3. Age. The growth of milk production in cattle can be traced, in extreme cases, up to 7 lactation. Further, a recession inevitably follows. Therefore, the milk yield in young individuals is much higher.
4. Balanced diet. The correct proportions of concentrated and succulent feed, compound feed, grass, hay, vitamin complexes and premixes will provide significantly higher milk yield than when feeding, than necessary.
5. Conditions of detention. A warm, clean, ventilated and sufficiently lightened barn can also have a significant impact on cow performance.
6. Correct milking. It is necessary to milk a cow at least 3 times a day. In this case, it is necessary to strictly observe the milking technique. Milk stops shortly before calving, when the cow gives no more than 0.5 liters of milk per day.
7. Good health. Many disorders in the health of the animal can affect the process of milk formation. Therefore, the cow should be periodically examined by a veterinarian in order to prevent the development of diseases in time.

Thus, the observance of optimal conditions for keeping the cow and proper nutrition can significantly increase the milk production of the animal. At the same time, the points listed above will help to sensibly assess the current level of milk yield in livestock and increase it if necessary.

Livestock is one of the most popular agricultural sectors. In Russia, for centuries, it was customary to breed cows at home. This animal was not only a source of milk, but also a draft force, as well as, in certain cases, cattle for obtaining meat.

Quantitative indicators

Most people think that a cow gives milk almost all year round. In fact, this is not so, because this process begins only with the birth of the first calf. After that, she begins to feed him, but over time, when he is taken from her, the process of milk production does not stop. From this period, you can begin to milk it.

Until the next calving, the milk yield will gradually decrease all the time, but at a rather low rate. They will disappear just before childbirth is to take place. Immediately after them, the mechanism returns to its former course.

It is believed that one cow can produce more than 20 liters of milk per day. But such indicators are very rare. Often they can change every year, both increasing and decreasing. This is influenced by many factors. That is why in the same country in different regions, cows can produce different volumes of milk.

It often happens that after the first calving, the average daily amount of milk is in the range from 9 to 10 liters.

You may also be interested in information on how it looks and how it is used

With each subsequent birth, this indicator can increase by 0.5-2 liters. Often, by the fifth season, it reaches 13-15 liters. These indicators relate mainly to average breeds. But at the same time, there are also some types of cows that differ significantly from their counterparts.

Any indicators of milk volume per day can be roughly translated in one way or another into volume per week, month or even year. But at the same time, it should be understood that the result obtained will not be final. It is impossible to predict how each cow will behave in certain conditions.

But how much milk the Swiss breed of cows can give and how it looks in the photo, you can see

The video shows the quantitative indicators of cows:

There are the following approximate indicators of how much milk can be obtained from a cow in a year:

• Israel- 1702 liters;
• USA- 802 liters;
• Denmark- 726 liters;
• Canada- 726 liters;
• France- 702 liters;
• United Kingdom- 675 liters;
• Germany- 592 liters;
• Russian Federation- 410 liters;
• Ukraine- 230 liters.

Why are the indicators going down?

The problem of disappearing or reducing the amount of milk that a cow produces per day has the official name agalactia and hapogalactia, respectively. The first term means milklessness of the animal, and the second - low milkiness. Both one and the second phenomenon is a serious pathology that must be eliminated by a therapeutic method. The main thing is to understand what triggered the disease.

You may also be interested in information about what diseases may be in

There are the following reasons and types of milk loss in a cow:

Another significant cause that can affect the performance of a cow is stagnation.

And here is what the Simmental breed of cows looks like and how much milk it can give. indicated

This occurs only in those animals that lie down most of the time, move little and are rather inactive. Some veterinarians attribute this reason to the climate group, but other experts believe that this behavior primarily depends on the care of livestock. Most often, a similar situation occurs during the winter period, when farmers do not walk their cows, although this should be done.

How to increase productivity

The temperate type of climate almost always has a positive effect on milk yield, like in others. Most often, significant frosts, as well as low air temperatures, can greatly reduce the level of productivity. That is why it is best to organize farms not in northern latitudes, but in southern ones. This will allow you to receive large financial income from milk yield.

It is also very important to constantly feed the cows according to the established schedule. It is necessary to focus on the type of breed and its features. It is believed that the record holders should have the most dense diet. This is due to the fact that their body uses significantly more resources than other animals.

Veterinarians also pay attention to the importance of breast massage. You should also periodically do exercises to improve lactation. All these actions are aimed at ensuring that the milk in the udder leaves faster, which will prevent stagnation.

It is believed that productivity can be significantly improved by regularly milking milk. The more rigorous the schedule for this process, the better the results will be.

Cows that will soon need to give birth to a calf should be "started" about a month before calving, stopping milking.

But what the Holstein breed of cows looks like and how the increase in milk yield is carried out, this

This is due to the fact that during this period the milk will not be of very good quality. Moreover, its volume will be small. It will acquire a high degree of fat content, as a result of which a person will not be able to use it for home purposes.

New cows are capable of producing fairly good milk yield. That is why it is important to provide proper living conditions for animals. The barn should always be as warm and comfortable as possible. First of all, this applies to the winter period of time.

Milk yield, when the room temperature is rather cold, can drop by 15 percent. If we talk about the body weight of the animal, then it will also decrease, due to the fact that the body will spend too much energy and nutrients to maintain the normal level of its functioning.

Juicy and nutritious foods can also affect milk supply. In addition, some features of this food product depend on food. First of all, this applies to fat content and usefulness. That is why during dry periods, like severe frosts, cows should be additionally given nutritious feed, plenty of liquid and fresh hay.

Feeding focused on the phases of lactation can also perfectly adjust milk yield: before pregnancy, during gestation, before calving, and also after it. The most important point in this rule is proper nutrition after childbirth. At this time, the cow is capable of producing significant milk yield, which cannot be spoiled by poor nutrition.

Lactation of a cow lasts about one year, and in the first 2−3 months after calving, the milk contains the greatest amount of vitamins, then the beneficial properties begin to decline. For constant milk production, annual fertilization is required. Milk yield from one cow may differ from that of another cow. How much milk does a cow give per day and what is the reason?

First, by belonging to a certain breed and age characteristics. Secondly, with the individual characteristics of a particular individual. Thirdly, with climatic conditions and quality of feed. Fourthly, in compliance with the rules of milking and the season.

When the cow starts to milk

Cow's milk was originally intended only for feeding the calf, since the cow belongs to the group of mammals that feed their offspring with milk. But a modern person immediately after birth tries to separate the baby and mother and give milk to the calf in portions at his discretion, taking the main part for his personal needs. The cow's body perceives milking as a natural process of feeding the baby.

When does a cow start giving milk? At the age of 6 months, a young cow has already reached puberty and is capable of insemination, but there is no way to normally bear the baby and give it yet, respectively, fertilization is postponed until about 2 years. By this age, the first-calf will be fully formed, gain the necessary weight to carry the baby.

It is necessary not to forget that the animal will be provided with milk all year round only with the condition of constant milking, thus, the animal's body will constantly feel the need to reproduce milk. Regular milking is the key to good milk yield. Milking is completed 2 months before calving. There are times when a cow continues to give milk in the same volume, although there is little time left before calving. In this case, it is necessary to revise the diet by reducing succulent feed. Full completion of milking is carried out after reducing milk to 500 ml per day.

For any cow, milk begins to come immediately after calving, for the first 2 weeks it has a specific smell and taste, is characterized by a special composition and high fat content. It is called colostrum and is used only for a newborn baby. Let's try to figure out what is the average milk yield of a cow per day.

Average milk yield

A burenka can give milk for as many years as the owner will give her life. But the average milk yield varies greatly over the years. Consider how much milk an animal can give per day, per month and per year.

How much milk can you get per day

The highest percentage of milk production is observed between calving and subsequent pregnancy. The approximate figure in this case is close to 30 liters per day. Certain breeds can produce up to 70 liters per day.

In order not to miscalculate when choosing a good cow, you can determine the condition of the cow by its appearance, or rather: the state of the skull (it should be small), the presence of powerful legs, the udder, moderately protruding belly, not very humpbacked back.

How much milk does a cow give per day in summer and winter? Many novice farmers are interested in the question of how many liters a cow gives at different times of the year, since the quality of feed has a direct impact on milk productivity. It should be noted that in the summer, cows are enriched with a significant amount of proteins and vitamins, so the milk yield in the summer will be much higher. This is approximately 17-25 liters per day. In winter, the average milk yield is low - 9-12 liters.

But it is necessary to take into account the calving time of the cow. If the animal gives birth in the fall, then there will be quite a lot of milk in the winter. The correct daily diet is also important. In winter, except for straw, hay will be useful juicy feed which contain vitamins:

• carrot;
• fodder beet;
• pumpkin;
• potato.

Average monthly milk yield

What indicator of milk yield per month can be easily determined by multiplying the average daily indicator by the number of days per month. Moreover, it is necessary to take into account such factors as the conditions of the cow and the climatic zone, as well as the specific month in the calendar year.

According to statistics, the highest milk yield cows are in Israel because of the most favorable climate and the attentive attitude of farmers to animals.

How much milk can you get in a year

To the most productive countries dairy products include America, England and Israel. Their indicators correspond to 9-15 thousand liters of milk annually from one individual. This is due to the living conditions of the animals and the variety of breeds.

Choosing a cow for milk production

A balanced and responsible choice of a cow is no less important, since the amount of dairy product will depend on it. How not to make a mistake in the choice and why is it necessary to pay attention to certain points? Let's highlight the main points of the right choice:

When choosing, you need to pay attention to the age of the animal; a very old cow is unlikely to please you with significant milk yield. Milk productivity drops dramatically after 10–12 calving.

In what cases milk yield decreases

Milk yield may decrease when:

• a sharp change in the habitual environment of the animal;
• changing the milkmaid or changing the usual milking place;
• incorrect milking technology (rough handling, as the nerve endings on the nipples can be seriously hurt and their work is disrupted).

Ways to get the most milk

Let's note a few points that allow you to increase milk production:

Comparison of rocks and shelf volume

There are several popular types dairy breeds. The Dutch is probably the most ancient of these. Many experts argue that the genes of this breed are found to some extent in all dairy breeds. The productivity of this is more than 4000 kg of milk annually.

The Holstein breed was bred in Canada and America. Today in the world it is the most widespread breed of cows. Its productivity can be more than 7000 kg of milk annually. Milk yield will depend on climatic conditions, and in countries with mild climates it can reach 10,000 kg annually. Taking these data into account, we can say how much milk a cow will give per day of this breed - in Russian farms, the average milk yield is 25-45 liters per day.

It is very popular in Russia. It has not only excellent productivity - about 5000 kg of milk annually (under certain conditions - up to 9000 kg), but also excellent meat properties.

The Yaroslavl breed is one of the best bred in our country. These black animals with a white speck on their heads perfectly adapt to different climatic conditions, and can give up to 5000 kg of milk annually.

In our fields, you can also often see it, it shows itself perfectly in regions with a cold climate and can yield more than 7000 kg per year.

The Ayshir breed has high milk yield, which also prefers cool climatic conditions.

The black-and-white breed can give up to 8000 kg of milk annually, while these animals have good meat qualities. Meat and dairy breeds can give 3-5 thousand kilograms of milk annually.

Milk yield records

Dairy cows can be found in any breed. In the dairy sector, not only the daily, but also the annual calculation of milk yield from animals is mandatory. The absolute record holder of the annual milk yield is a cow named Ubre Blanque from Cuba. For 1981, she was able to produce 41,674 liters. Ubre Blanque was not a purebred, but a hybrid of the Holstein and the local humpbacked Zebu breed.

Russian cows have also set several records and are in third and fifth places in the world table. In 1940, the Vienna of the Yaroslavl breed was able to give 30,868 liters, and in 1972 the Russian black-and-white breed produced 19672 liters.

Thus, a cow produces milk primarily for feeding her offspring. But a person has learned to provide himself with milk all year round, at the same time it is necessary not to forget that for the regular receipt of such a nutritious product, regular milking is needed, which can ensure the lactation process. Milk in a cow is formed immediately after the birth of a calf, after calving in the first weeks, the product is most saturated with vitamins. After a few weeks, we are already consuming a regular product.

Your own burenka - this is a delicious cheese, excellent milk, butter and cottage cheese, if enough attention has been paid to the maintenance and nutrition of animals. Organized and thoughtful work enables the farmer to achieve a high income from the sale of these environmentally friendly products.

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