Iot for a mechanic repairman of technological equipment. Job description of a repairman. Safety requirements in emergency situations
Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers (ETKS), 2019
Issue No. 4 ETKS
The issue is approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia of August 12, 2003 N 61
Equipment maintenance and repair technician
§ 81. Locksmith for maintenance and repair of equipment of the 3rd category
Job Description. Installation, dismantling, repair, testing and maintenance of the mechanical part of simple machines, components and mechanisms, switchgears. Electric and gas welding in the repair and manufacture of fences, casings for serviced machines and mechanisms. Painting, labeling, lubrication of serviced equipment. Oil sampling and replacement. Disassembly, assembly, washing, testing, lubrication, acceptance, delivery, preventive maintenance of pneumatic tools. Performing rigging and slinging work. Locksmith processing and manufacturing of simple parts for 12-13 qualifications.
Must know: purpose, technical characteristics of serviced machines, mechanisms, norms and volumes of their maintenance; fundamentals of plumbing and assembly; simple kinematic schemes of machines; technical requirements for the operation of serviced machines, mechanisms; methods and techniques of processing metals and parts; the order of installation of simple metal structures and mechanisms; purpose and rules for the use of the applied control and measuring instruments and tools; rules for rigging and slinging; the name and location of mine workings and the rules for moving along them; systems and rules for the operation of light, sound and aroma alarms in the workshop; rules for receiving and giving sound and visible signals; tag system rules.
Work examples.
1. Steam-water fittings - gland stuffing; replacement of bushings, sealing rings; tightening of connecting bolts on flanges and joints.
2. Cars for mines and for the delivery of people in mine workings - replacement of ramps, bearings, couplings, buffers; body repair.
3. Valves of all diameters - lapping of valves.
4. Fans - repair and installation.
5. Liners - fitting and filing along parallels.
6. Screens - replacement of sieves.
7. Crushers, car dumpers (in underground conditions) - Maintenance and maintenance.
8. Conveyors - replacement of rollers, roller supports, gearboxes, drive and tension station drums, deflecting drums; belt and chain tension control.
9. Scraper conveyors - installation, dismantling, repair.
10. Loading machines - replacement of pulleys, pins; rope fastening.
11. Loading and hauling machines - dismantling of driving axles; regulation of gaps of the main gear and block reducer; removal and flushing of hydraulic, neutralization and fuel tanks.
12. Mills - current repair and maintenance.
13. Pumps - replacement of bushings, coupling pins; gland stuffing; installation and fastening of fencing couplings; connection of pipelines; Maintenance.
14. Tippers, feeders, pushers, station drainage installations, jackhammers, perforators, hydraulic monitors - dismantling, repair, installation, maintenance.
15. Samplers - chain and bucket replacement.
16. Pressure vessels (pneumatic chamber pumps) - dismantling, repair, installation, maintenance.
17. Stations of aerial cableways - maintenance; installation of rollers and pulleys for guiding the traction rope.
18. Pipelines up to 6 inches in diameter - laying, manufacturing and installation of supports, replacement of individual sections and valves.
19. Pipelines for stowing works - dismantling, repair, installation.
20. Pipelines for the transportation of sludge - dismantling, repair, installation.
21. Drilling rigs of the first class for drilling exploration wells for solid minerals - repair, maintenance.
When performing work under the guidance of a mechanic for the maintenance and repair of equipment of a higher qualification - 2nd category.
§ 82. Locksmith for maintenance and repair of equipment of the 4th category
Job Description. Installation, dismantling, repair, testing and maintenance of the mechanical part of machines, components and mechanisms. Replacement of traction rope, cable couplings of overhead roads. Inspection and repair of automated lamp equipment. Monitoring, monitoring the condition of pipelines, the operation of conveyors, the condition of interfaces of metal structures, cables and blocks, determining the degree of wear and tear and repairing them with the replacement of individual elements. Locksmith processing and manufacturing of simple assemblies and parts according to 8 - 11 qualifications. Maintenance of the brine network and freezing columns during freezing of soils.
Must know: methods and rules of installation, dismantling, repair, testing and adjustment of serviced mechanical equipment; ventilation system and outgoing jet direction; the appointment of individual nodes and elements of metal structures, cables, suspensions; assembly lubrication system; basic information about the parameters of surface treatment of the part; methods of rigging and lowering mining machines and mechanisms into the mine; technology of metal processing and production of electric and gas welding works; instructions for the production of electric welding in underground workings, overhead buildings.
Work examples.
1. Drying drums, dryer pipes - checking and eliminating violations of the tightness of the drying path; repair of mixers and feeders.
2. Inertial and self-balancing screens - replacement of vibrators, springs, box body, regulation.
3. Small-capacity and steam dredges - repair.
4. Roller, cone, jaw crushers - replacement of segments and rolls as an assembly, crushing cone assembly, eccentric, drive shaft assembly, replacement of a crushing jaw, regulation of crushing size.
5. Belt conveyors with a belt width of up to 1400 mm - replacement and repair of belts with cutting ends, splicing and vulcanization.
6. Compressors - replacement of piston rings, metal seals, connecting rod bolts, valves.
7. Compressors oxygen, pneumatic - current and average repair.
8. Overhead cranes operated from the floor, overhead cranes, electric hoists, hoists, automobile cranes, mine electric locomotives with a coupling weight of up to 25 tons - disassembly, repair, assembly, testing and regulation of units of medium complexity; Maintenance; repair of the engine, self-propelled carriages.
9. Self-propelled mining machines, drilling rigs and installations, self-propelled cars, lifting machines (winches) - disassembly, repair, assembly, testing and regulation of units of medium complexity; Maintenance; repair of the engine, self-propelled carriages.
10. Ball mills, self-grinding, hammer mills - replacement of the main shaft, repair, maintenance, revision of the gearbox and gears.
11. Pneumatic pumps, smoke exhausters, exhausters - disassembly, repair, assembly.
12. Loading and hauling machines, underground diesel dump trucks - disassembly, assembly and installation of hydraulic systems, cylinders, steering; repair of the main frame, boom, bucket, driver's cab, metal covers, drive shafts.
13. Briquette presses - replacement of sets of molding tools.
14. Gearboxes of rotary kilns, ball mills, conveyors, lamellar conveyors, feeders - disassembly, repair, assembly.
15. Pipelines over 6 inches in diameter - gasket; manufacturing and installation of supports; replacement of individual sections of pipelines and valves.
16. Drilling rigs of the second - fifth classes for drilling exploration wells for solid minerals, rigs for drilling hydrogeological and geophysical wells - repair and maintenance.
17. Ventilation installations - maintenance and repair; replacement of guide vanes.
18. Installations degassing and aspiration stationary - installation, repair, dismantling.
19. Excavators, spreaders, transport and dump bridges - installation, dismantling, repair, maintenance; repair of the hydraulic system: replacement and repair of hydraulic jacks, hydraulic cylinders, oil pipelines, valves and devices.
20. Dehydrating centrifuges - replacement of the cone shield, scrapers, screw, pump.
21. Dewatering elevators - bucket chain replacement.
§ 83. Mechanic for maintenance and repair of equipment of the 5th category
Job Description. Installation, dismantling, repair, adjustment, testing and maintenance of the mechanical part of complex machines, components and mechanisms, equipment. Maintenance, repair and testing of pressure vessels. Replacement of head and tail ropes of lifting vessels. Checking trailers and lifting vessels; checking and adjusting the length of ropes and parachute devices, loading and unloading devices for skip hoists.
Must know: methods and rules of installation, dismantling, repair, testing and adjustment of serviced complex mechanical equipment; design features self-propelled mining equipment; kinematic diagrams of the serviced equipment; ways to restore complex parts, assemblies; allowable loads on working parts, assemblies, mechanisms; preventive measures to prevent breakdowns and accidents; specifications for repair, testing and commissioning of complex equipment, assemblies and assemblies; rules for the operation and examination of pressure vessels and lifting machines; rules for completing and handing over mining equipment to rental bases, drawing up documentation for repaired equipment; rules for drawing up drawings, sketches, kinematic diagrams; plumbing to the extent necessary for the work performed.
Work examples.
1. Devices, high pressure gas pipelines - revision, repair, testing.
2. Oxygen and argon equipment - revision, repair, testing.
3. Heavy-duty technological (quarry) dump trucks - repair and maintenance.
4. Hydrodistributors, valve blocks of machines and mechanisms, centralized lubrication systems - repair and adjustment.
5. Cone crushers - repair of base units with repressing bushings, adjustment of adjacent floating rings of eccentric units, suspension units, bevel gears.
6. Belt conveyors with a belt width over 1400 mm - replacement and repair of belts with cutting, splicing and vulcanization; repair of ratchet stops and brakes with their regulation.
7. Self-propelled mining machines, drilling rigs and installations, self-propelled cars, lifting machines (winches) - disassembly, repair, assembly, testing and regulation of complex units and assemblies; repair and adjustment of pneumohydraulic systems.
8. Lifting machines - repair, regulation and leveling of crane tracks.
9. Loading and hauling machines, underground diesel dump trucks - regulation of the hydraulic system; assembly and disassembly of the hydromechanical gearbox; repair of the lever mechanism, steering drive, automatic boom control.
10. Equipment and control equipment for lifts and drive stations of conveyors - installation and adjustment.
11. Reducers of heavy conveyors with a belt width of 2000 mm or more, pelletizers, sintering and roasting machines, batchers of charge materials, heavy feeders - repair, adjustment of gaps of gear cylindrical, bevel and worm gears.
12. Separators, jigging machines, thickeners, vacuum filters, vacuum pumps, flotation machines, elevators for lifting goods and people, boilers and steam engines, resonant and roller screens with steam heating, smoke exhausters, slurry pumps - installation, repair, adjustment.
13. Installations of the sixth - eighth classes for drilling exploration wells for solid minerals - repair and maintenance.
14. Cylinders, bearings - installation and final fastening of all connections.
15. Excavators, spreaders, transport and dump bridges - alignment of engines and gearboxes, their balancing; repair of hydraulics, regulation of the entire system; repair and adjustment of compressors.
16. Mining electric locomotives with a coupling weight of 25 tons or more - installation, repair, maintenance.
§ 84. Locksmith for maintenance and repair of equipment of the 6th category
Job Description. Installation, dismantling, repair, adjustment, testing, maintenance of the mechanical part of complex machines, components and mechanisms, devices, instrumentation. Repair, installation and adjustment of equipment using pneumonic and logic elements.
Must know: design features of especially complex systems of units and components of self-propelled mining machines; the principle of establishing operating modes for particularly complex systems of self-propelled mining machines; rules for drawing up drawings, sketches, diagrams; fundamentals of theoretical mechanics, pneumonics.
Work examples.
1. Automatic control of diesel locomotive refrigerators - check, regulation.
2. Car dumpers equipped with hydraulic drives and automatic weighing device - adjustment.
3. Machines for sintering, roasting - regulation of the movement of the machine and the thermal gap, alignment of the drive and head radius.
4. Self-propelled mining machines, drilling rigs and installations, hoisting machines (winches) - repair, adjustment, regulation and comprehensive testing of particularly complex systems of units and assemblies, hydropneumatic automatic systems; checking the operation of devices; repair of fuel equipment.
5. Jigging machines, wheel separators - adjustment of automatic systems.
6. Loading and hauling machines, underground diesel dump trucks - assembly and regulation of transmission and torque converter; testing of units and assemblies.
7. Skip and cage hoisting machines, passenger and freight elevators - repair, testing, commissioning.
8. Flotation machines - impeller balancing.
9. Vertical transmissions of diesel locomotives - repair, installation with regulation.
10. Centrifuges, blowers - dynamic balancing of rotors.
11. Refrigerators, high pressure units, separators, compressors - repair, adjustment, regulation.
§ 85. Locksmith for maintenance and repair of equipment of the 7th category
Job Description. Installation, dismantling, repair, adjustment, testing, maintenance of especially complex kinematic control systems of machines and assemblies, components and mechanisms, devices, instrumentation. Diagnostics and prevention of especially complex machines. Making changes to simple kinematic schemes of equipment operation in order to improve the parameters and reliability of its operation. Revision, repair, testing and adjustment of the pneumatic and mechanical system of the mechanism for unloading and securing cargo of hopper cars. Installation, dismantling, adjustment, testing of hydraulic distributors and pneumatic distributors of especially complex excavators with different bucket capacities.
Must know: design features of especially complex machines, units; methods of performing work on the diagnosis and repair of malfunctions of machine and mechanism systems; the procedure for compiling simple kinematic diagrams; fundamentals of theoretical mechanics, technology of metals, strength of materials.
Requires secondary vocational education.
Name of company
Instruction No.
on labor protection for
mechanic-repairman (equipment repair)
Agreed: I approve:
Chairman of the trade union committee Head of the organization
_2002
___2002
Protocol No.
INSTRUCTION NO.
FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY FOR A REPAIR WORKER
(for equipment repair)
1. General requirements security
1.1. Individuals who have passed:
introductory briefing;
Instruction on fire safety;
initial briefing at the workplace;
training in safe methods and techniques of work for at least 10 hours program (for jobs that are subject to increased safety requirements - 20 hours program);
instructing on electrical safety at the workplace and checking the assimilation of its content.
To perform the duties of a repairman, persons who do not have medical contraindications for this profession, who have been trained and instructed in labor protection, can be accepted.
1.2. The locksmith must pass:
repeated briefing on labor safety at the workplace at least every three months;
unscheduled and targeted briefings when changing the technological process or labor protection rules, replacing or upgrading production equipment, fixtures and tools, changes in working conditions and organization, in case of violations of labor protection instructions, breaks in work for more than 60 calendar days(for works subject to increased safety requirements - 30 calendar days);
dispensary medical checkup according to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 90 dated March 14, 1996.
perform only the work that is included in his duties;
comply with the requirements of prohibitory, warning and prescriptive signs, inscriptions and signals given by train compilers, vehicle drivers;
be extremely careful in traffic areas.
1.3. The locksmith must:
comply with the internal labor regulations established at the enterprise;
comply with the requirements of this instruction, instructions on fire safety measures, instructions on electrical safety;
comply with the normative and technical documentation for the equipment;
use for its intended purpose and treat the issued funds with care personal protection.
follow the signaling instructions on railways RF;
know the regulations on the discipline of employees railway transport;
fire safety regulations on railways TsUO /112
know the location of first aid, primary fire extinguishing equipment, main and emergency exits, evacuation routes in case of an accident or fire;
during work, be attentive, not be distracted or distract others, not allow workplace persons not related to work;
Keep the workplace clean and tidy.
1.4. The worker must know and observe the rules of personal hygiene. Eat, smoke, rest only in specially designated areas and places. Drink water only from specially designed installations.
1.5. In case of detection of malfunctions of equipment, fixtures, tools and other shortcomings or dangers in the workplace, immediately inform the foreman or head of the workshop. You can start work only with their permission after the elimination of all deficiencies.
1.5. If a fire is detected or in the event of a fire:
turn off the equipment;
inform the fire brigade and administration;
start extinguishing the fire with the primary fire extinguishing equipment available in the workshop in accordance with the fire safety instructions.
In case of a threat to life - leave the premises.
1.6. In case of an accident, provide the victim with first (pre-medical) aid, immediately report the incident to the foreman or head of the workshop, take measures to preserve the situation of the incident (equipment condition), if this does not create a danger to others.
1.7. In accordance with the "Model industry standards for the free issue of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment to workers and employees", a repairman must use the following PPE:
cotton suit,
combined gloves.
The issued personal protective equipment should be stored in a dressing room in a closet, washed and repaired in the prescribed manner.
1.8. The main dangerous and harmful production factors under certain circumstances can be:
elements of production equipment;
details;
faulty working tools, fixtures and equipment;
electric current;
electrical equipment or wiring;
increased dust content of the air;
Increased noise level.
1.9. When on a railroad track, a locksmith must comply with the following requirements:
-railways pass only in the established places indicated by the signs "Service Passage", pass the tracks only along the roadside along the path;
- cross the tracks only at a right angle, after making sure that there is no moving train in this place;
- to cross the track occupied by the rolling stock, only using the transitional platforms of the wagons;
- bypass groups of wagons no closer than 5 m from the automatic coupler;
- pass between uncoupled wagons if the distance between them is at least 10 m;
- when leaving the car, hold on to the handrails and position yourself facing the car;
-Pay attention to traffic lights
- do not cross the path in front of the moving train;
- do not sit on the steps of the wagons and do not get off them while moving;
- Do not step on broken electrical wires.
2. Safety requirements before starting work
2.1. put on overalls according to the norms, put your hair under a beret or cap.
2.2. Check your workplace (the mechanic's workplace is: the place of repair, at the machine, workbench), it must be evenly lit (without glare), not cluttered with foreign objects.
2.3. Check the serviceability of tools and fixtures:
the locksmith's workbench must be free of potholes, cracks and other defects;
the handle of a percussion instrument (hammer, etc.) must have an oval shape in cross section and be straight;
the surface of the hammer head must be convex, smooth, not beveled, without burrs;
the spindle of a hand tool with a pointed working end (files, screwdrivers, etc.) must be securely fixed in a smooth, smoothly cleaned handle, which, for greater strength, must be pulled together at both ends with metal bandage rings;
screwdrivers must be with non-curved shafts, as the blade may slip off the head of the screw or screw and injure hands;
wrenches must correspond to the sizes of bolts and nuts, the gaps of wrenches must have strictly parallel jaws, the distance between which must correspond to standard size marked on the key;
Socket and box wrenches must not move in connected moving parts.
3. Safety requirements during work
3.1. Repair of nodes should be carried out on a special table, the parts are placed on the left, and the tool necessary for their installation is on the right. All items must be placed within the zone of maximum reach of the worker's hands, his hands must be free from performing supporting movements (these functions must be performed by devices).
3.2. Performing operations for the dismantling and installation of parts on machines such as gears, pulleys, couplings, eccentrics mounted on shafts and hubs; parts - bushings, rings dismantled from the holes of the frames, supports, pulleys, eccentrics, gears, pins, fingers dismantled from the parts of the assembly body; parts such as springs, keys, exclude the use of a percussion tool, since its use leads to eye injuries when pieces of metal, paint get in, bruises of hands and feet with dismantled parts, deformation, breakage, cracks of dismantled parts (keyways, shafts, etc. ).
3.3. During nodal repairs and assembly work it is necessary to use the devices provided for this type of work (pullers, presses, stationary devices for assembly and dismantling).
3.4. Only the parts and tools necessary to perform this work are placed on the workbench.
3.5. On the left side of the vise, a tool is placed on the workbench, which is taken with the left hand, and on the right - the tool that is taken right hand(hammer, files, wrenches, etc.) in the middle of the workbench - a measuring tool.
3.6. For convenience and in order to avoid microtrauma, the bench vice should be installed so that the upper part of the jaws is at the level of the locksmith's elbow.
3.7. When working on drilling, grinding machines, on a hydraulic press, observe the safety measures set forth in the labor protection instructions for workers servicing the relevant equipment.
3.8. Work on metalworking of metals should be performed only after they are securely fixed in a vice, in order to avoid falling and injury to the mechanic.
3.9. Work only with serviceable tools and on serviceable equipment.
3.10. All rotating parts of the machine - gears, pulleys, belt drives - must have secure guards. The machine must have a protective earth.
3.11. Install and strengthen the workpieces, clean and lubricate the machine, remove chips only after the machine has stopped.
3.12. Work with a chisel, cross-cutting tool should be carried out in safety glasses and in the presence of a safety net to protect others from flying fragments.
3.13. To use a portable power tool (drill, etc.), use special wiring for a voltage of 42 V.
3.14. When using an electric drill, the objects to be drilled must be securely fastened. Do not touch the rotating cutting tool with your hands.
3.15. Do not remove shavings or sawdust by hand while the tool is running. Chips and sawdust must be removed after the power tool has completely stopped with special hooks or brushes.
3.16. It is forbidden to process icy and wet workpieces with power tools.
3.17. Work with a drill no more than 2/3 of the working day. In accordance with sanitary standards, provide 10-15 minute breaks after each hour of work.
3.18. Wear rubber gloves and rubber mats when working with power tools to protect against electric shock.
3.19. For safety reasons, monitor the integrity of the insulation, prevent mechanical damage to the cable.
3.20. Switch off the power tool during work breaks. Do not connect the power tool to the mains without a special safety plug. This must be done by an electrician.
3.21. If the power tool suddenly stops, it must be turned off by the switch.
3.22. Persons working with power tools must not disassemble or repair the tool, cable, plug connections, or other parts themselves.
3.23. When removing or installing parts and assemblies on the machine, use the tools and devices provided for this type of work.
3.24. To put on the belt on the pulley should be a special device that is convenient and safe for work.
3.25. Wipe water or lubricants spilled on the floor dry to prevent falling.
4. Safety requirements in emergency situations
4.1. In emergency situations, suspend work, leave the danger zone, and if necessary, remove workers nearby. If there is a danger of an accident, take measures to prevent it (stop the equipment or the corresponding mechanism, protect the danger zone). Report the incident to the supervisor.
4.2. When spilling gasoline, diesel fuel, oil - fill this place with sawdust, sand, then remove the sand with a scoop and brush, after which this place is neutralized with soda.
4.3. In the event of a fire, immediately call the fire brigade by phone 01, remove people and, if possible, combustible substances to a safe place, and start extinguishing the fire with the available primary fire extinguishing equipment. Report the fire to management.
4.4. Provide first aid to victims in case of injury and call ambulance notify the work manager.
5. Safety requirements at the end of work
5.1. Tidy up your workspace. Remove tools, attachments and lubricants to the place provided for them. Rags and flammable materials, in order to avoid spontaneous combustion, put in metal boxes with tight lids.
5.2. Take off overalls, put them in the closet, wash hands and face with soap, take a shower if possible, use for washing chemical substances prohibited.
5.3. Warn the shifter about the noticed shortcomings.
The instructions were made by:
Section chief
Agreed:
Labor protection engineer
... Full version document with tables, images and applications in the attached file...
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF RUSSIA
"Moscow State Technological University "STANKIN"
(FGBOU VPO MSTU "STANKIN")
AGREED: I APPROVE:
Trade Union Chairman Rector
____________ ______________
«___»________ 2012 . «___»________ 2012 .
IOT-40
Load falling from a height (for example, if the load is strapped incorrectly or the sling is broken);
Unprotected movable (rotating) elements, parts, units of the lifting machine;
Harmful chemicals found in lubricants, oils and detergents;
Insufficient illumination of the workplace.
1.11. During work, the repairman must use overalls and other personal protective equipment against the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors.
1.12. To prevent the possibility of a fire, a repairman must comply with fire safety requirements himself and prevent violations of these requirements by other employees; Smoking is allowed only in specially designated areas.
1.13. A repairman is obliged to observe labor and production discipline, internal labor regulations; it should be remembered that the use of alcoholic beverages, as a rule, leads to accidents.
1.14. The mechanic-repairman must comply with the work and rest regimes established for him.
1.15. In case of illness, poor health, insufficient rest, the repairman should report his condition to his immediate supervisor and seek medical help.
1.16. If an accident occurs with any of the employees, then the victim must be given first aid, report the incident to the manager and maintain the situation of the incident, if this does not create a danger to others.
1.17. A repairman, if necessary, must be able to provide first aid, use a first-aid kit.
1.18. To prevent the possibility of illness, a repairman should follow the rules of personal hygiene, including washing hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating.
1.19. A repairman who has committed a violation or non-compliance with the requirements of the labor protection instructions endangers both himself and others, therefore he is considered as a violator of production discipline and can be brought to disciplinary responsibility, and, depending on the consequences, to criminal liability; if the violation is associated with causing material damage, then the perpetrator may be held liable in accordance with the established procedure.
2. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK
2.1. Before starting work, the repairman must put on special clothes, fasten it with all buttons; if necessary, prepare personal protective equipment against exposure to hazardous and harmful production factors.
2.2. Overalls must be of the appropriate size, clean and not restrict movement.
2.3. Before starting work, you should check the condition of the workplace; if it is not cleaned or cluttered, it is necessary to take measures to clean it and put it in order; in addition, the repairman needs to make sure that there is a free passage, that the floor and the footrest are in good condition.
2.4. Before starting work, the repairman must inspect the tools, machines, mechanisms that will be used in the work, and make sure that they are in full working order.
2.5. Before using the cutting tool, check its condition and secure fastening; the use of cutting tools with defects is not allowed.
2.6. Before starting work, you need to make sure that the lighting of the workplace is sufficient and uniform; in addition, there should be no sharp shadows, and the details and the cutting tool should be clearly distinguishable.
2.7. A repairman should not start work if he has doubts about the safety of the workplace for the performance of the work ahead.
2.8. Before starting work, the repairman should pay attention to the rational organization of the workplace, prepare essential tool, fixtures and check their operation.
3. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK
3.1. The repairman must perform all work in accordance with the technological documentation.
3.2. When disassembling and assembling equipment, the repairman should use only serviceable tools.
3.3. Hand tools should, if possible, be assigned to a repairman for individual use.
3.4. The tool at the workplace must be positioned so that it cannot roll and fall.
3.5. The dimensions of the opening (grip) of the wrenches should not exceed the dimensions of the heads of the bolts (faces of the nuts) by more than 0.3 mm; at the same time, it is not allowed to use linings with a gap between the planes of the jaws and heads of bolts or nuts more than allowed; the working surfaces of the wrenches should not have knocked down bevels, and the handles should not have burrs; when unscrewing and tightening nuts and bolts, it is forbidden to lengthen wrenches with additional levers, second keys or pipes; if necessary, use wrenches with long handles.
3.6. The screwdriver must be selected according to the width of the working part (blade), depending on the size of the slot in the head of the screw or screw.
3.7. The surfaces of the metal handles of the pliers must be smooth (no dents, notches or burrs).
3.8. Hammer heads should have a smooth, slightly convex surface without gouges, chips, gouges, cracks and burrs.
3.9. The handles of hammers and other impact tools must be made of dry hardwood (birch, oak, beech, maple, ash, mountain ash) without knots and slant or from synthetic materials that provide operational strength and reliability in operation. Do not use handles made of soft and coarse-grained woods (spruce, pine, etc.), as well as raw wood. The handles must have an oval shape along the entire length in section, be smooth and not have cracks. By the free end of the handle should thicken somewhat to avoid slipping out of the hands. The axis of the handle must be strictly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool. Wedges for strengthening the tool on the handle must be made of mild steel and have notches (ruffs).
3.10. It is forbidden to work with a tool, the handles of which are planted on pointed ends (files, scrapers, etc.) without metal retaining rings.
3.11. A percussion tool (chisels, barbs, notches, cores, etc.) must have a smooth occipital part without cracks, burrs, hardening and bevels; there should be no damage at the working end of the tool.
3.12. To prevent the possibility of solid particles entering the eyes when working with an impact tool, the repairman must wear safety glasses.
3.13. A repairman working with a hand-held power tool should be aware that, according to the degree of protection, the power tool is produced in the following classes:
I - a power tool in which all live parts are insulated and the plug has a grounding contact;
II - a power tool in which all live parts have double or reinforced insulation;
III - a power tool with a rated voltage not exceeding 42 V, in which neither internal nor external circuits are under a different voltage.
3.14. Power tools powered by the mains must be equipped with a non-removable flexible cable (cord) with a plug; the cable at the point of entry into the power tool must be protected from abrasion and kinks by an elastic tube made of insulating material; the tube must be fixed in the body parts of the power tool and protrude from them for a length of at least five cable diameters.
3.15. During operation, the cable of the power tool must be protected from accidental damage and contact with metal hot, wet and oily surfaces or objects.
3.16. When using a power tool, its cable should not be pulled, twisted and bent, and also put a load on it; the cable should be suspended if possible.
3.17. Install the working part of the power tool in the chuck and remove it from the chuck, as well as adjust the tool only after disconnecting it from the mains with a plug and a complete stop.
3.18. Do not remove shavings or sawdust with your hands while the power tool is in operation; Chips should only be removed after the tool has come to a complete stop.
3.19. When working with an electric drill, objects to be drilled must be securely fastened.
3.20. To avoid injury, do not touch the rotating cutting tool with your hands.
3.21. When drilling with an electric drill using a pressure lever, it is necessary to ensure that the end of the lever does not rest on a surface from which it may slip; using random objects as levers is not allowed.
3.22. Do not leave unattended power tools connected to the network, as well as hand it over to employees who are not authorized to work with it.
3.23. When working with manual pneumatic tools, the repairman must know and comply with the following safety requirements:
3.23.1. For pneumatic tools, flexible hoses must be used; hoses that are damaged should not be used.
3.23.2. It is necessary to attach hoses to a pneumatic tool and connect them to each other using nipples or fittings and coupling clamps; it is forbidden to fasten the hoses with wire.
3.23.3. There must be shut-off valves on the air supply pipeline; the connection of the hose to the line and the tool, as well as its disconnection, must be carried out with the shut-off valves closed.
3.23.4. The pneumatic tool actuation valve must open and close easily and quickly and must not let air in in the closed position.
3.23.5. The hose supplying compressed air to the pneumatic tool must be placed so that the possibility of accidental damage or collision with vehicles is excluded; it is forbidden to stretch and bend the hoses of the pneumatic tool during operation; it is also not allowed to cross them with cables, cables and gas welding sleeves.
3.23.6. When working with a pneumatic tool, it is prohibited to hold it by the working part; it is only allowed to carry a pneumatic tool by the handle; a hose or working part of the tool cannot be used for this purpose.
3.23.7. In the event of interruptions in work, breakage of hoses and any kind of malfunction, immediately stop the supply of compressed air to the pneumatic tool (close the shut-off valve).
3.24. When working on a drilling machine, a repairman must comply with the following safety requirements:
3.24.1. To avoid being caught by the rotating parts of the drilling machine, the repairman should not:
Put on transmission belts when the electric motor is on; it is allowed to put on belts by turning the pulley with the electric motor turned off;
Use cartridges, tools and fixtures installed for work in the machine spindle, which have protruding parts;
Correct the chuck and drill, as well as remove chips from them and take them with your hands during rotation;
Change tools, remove chips and reposition the workpiece while rotating the machine spindle.
3.24.2. When working with a center drill, it is allowed to remove chips from the hole only after stopping the machine and retracting the drill.
3.24.3. To avoid bruises and injuries, you must:
The drilled part is correctly and securely fixed on the machine table using a vice or a special jig as close as possible to the plane of the table, and the vice and jig, in turn, are securely attached to the machine table;
Fix the machine table in the position required for work.
3.24.4. To prevent the drill from breaking and injuring the repairman with its fragments, it is necessary:
Bring the drill to the workpiece only after turning on the machine so that it easily touches the surface of the workpiece;
When drilling through holes, when the drill approaches the exit, drill a hole with slow feed;
When drilling thin parts, tighten them tightly in order to prevent relative displacement.
3.24.5. To avoid accidents, the repairman is prohibited from:
Hold the drilled part with your hands, press it against the machine table; drilling without fastening is allowed only for heavy parts with a small hole diameter;
Perform extraneous work in the area of the machine, as well as store products, blanks and other items in this area;
Stop the machine when the drill is in the hole; To do this, you must first remove the drill from the hole and only then stop the machine.
3.25. When working on manual scissors, a repairman must perform the following sequence of operations and precautions: put the sheet on the table until it stops; with one hand press the sheet to the table; With the other hand, lower the knife holder lever.
3.26. When cutting metal on scissors, a repairman needs to monitor the tight fit of the sheet to the table of scissors, as well as the condition of the knives: the knives must be dry.
3.27. When sharpening metalwork tools and parts on a grinding machine, a repairman must comply with the following safety requirements:
To protect people in the event of a rupture of the abrasive wheel, it must be enclosed in a protective steel casing with an open part necessary for work;
Work with the cover removed and the presence of a repairman in the plane of rotation of the circle is prohibited;
The object to be sharpened should be brought smoothly, without shock; press the circle should be effortless;
It is not allowed to slow down the rotating circle by pressing on it with any object;
Small parts should be processed using special devices and mandrels that exclude the possibility of injuring hands;
To prevent accidents associated with tearing the workpiece out of the hands of a repairman, it is necessary to place the workpiece stably on the handstand and hold it securely in your hands;
A grinding machine with a horizontal axis of rotation of the circle must be equipped protective screen with a viewing window;
To prevent injury to the eyes from high-velocity solid particles, the repairman must wear safety goggles.
3.28. When operating lifting and transport equipment from the floor, slinging and moving cargo, the repairman must comply with the following safety requirements:
Tying and hitching the load can only be carried out in accordance with the established methods of slinging;
You cannot lift a load whose mass is higher than the carrying capacity indicated on the stencil of the lifting machine;
The strapping of the cargo must be done in such a way as to exclude the possibility of falling out of individual parts of the cargo and ensure its stable position during movement;
When lifting and lowering the load near parts of the building, equipment, you cannot be yourself and make sure that there are no other people between the load and parts of the building, structure, equipment;
If an incorrect and unreliable strapping of the load is detected, it should be lowered and strapped again;
The load must be lifted smoothly, without swinging; it is impossible to move cargo over people;
Linings should be preliminarily laid at the place of stowage of the load so that the slings can be easily and without damage removed from under the load;
During breaks in work and at the end of it, the load must not be left suspended.
4. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
4.1. In the event of any emergency, the repairman must do the following:
Turn off the equipment;
Post a sign warning of a malfunction of the equipment and inform your manager about it;
Do not start work on faulty equipment until the faults are completely eliminated.
4.2. Do not operate the power tool if any of the following malfunctions occur:
Damaged plug connections, cable or its protective tube;
Damaged brush holder cover;
Fuzzy operation of the switch;
Leakage of lubricant from the gearbox or ventilation ducts;
The appearance of smoke or smell characteristic of burning insulation;
The appearance of increased noise, knocking, vibration;
Breakage or appearance of cracks in the body part, handle, protective fence;
Damage to the working part of the tool.
4.3. In case of detection of violations of labor protection requirements that pose a threat to health or personal safety, the repairman must contact the work manager and inform him about it; until the threat is eliminated, stop work and leave the danger zone.
4.4. In case of an accident, sudden illness, it is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the victim, call a doctor or help deliver the victim to the doctor, and then inform the manager about the incident.
4.5. The repairman must be able to provide first aid for injuries; at the same time, he must know that any wound can easily become contaminated with microbes that are on the wounding object, the skin of the victim, as well as in the dust on the hands of the person providing assistance and on dirty dressings.
4.6. When providing first aid in case of injury, the following rules must be observed:
4.6.1. It is impossible to wash the wound with water or even any medicinal preparation, cover it with powder and lubricate with ointments, as this prevents the wound from healing, causes suppuration and contributes to the entry of dirt into it from the surface of the skin.
4.6.2. It is necessary to carefully remove dirt from the skin around the wound, cleaning the wound from the edges outward so as not to contaminate the wound; the cleaned area of \u200b\u200bthe skin should be lubricated with iodine and bandaged.
4.7. To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open the dressing bag in the first aid kit.
4.8. When applying a dressing, do not touch with your hands that part of it that should be applied directly to the wound; if for some reason there was no dressing bag, then a clean handkerchief, clean cloth, etc. can be used for dressing; cotton can not be applied directly to the wound.
4.9. On the place of the tissue that is applied directly to the wound, you need to drip a few drops of iodine to get a spot larger than the wound, and then put the tissue on the wound; the assisting person should wash their hands or lubricate their fingers with iodine; touching the wound itself, even with washed hands, is not allowed.
4.10. First aid to the victim should be provided immediately and directly at the scene, immediately after the cause of the injury has been eliminated, using medicines and dressings that should be kept in the first aid kit.
4.11. The first-aid kit must be equipped with dressings and medicines that have not expired; The first aid kit must be in a visible and accessible place.
4.12. If a fire or signs of burning are detected (smoke, burning smell, temperature rise, etc.), the fire brigade must be immediately notified by phone 01.
4.13. Prior to the arrival of the fire brigade, it is necessary to take measures to evacuate people, property and start extinguishing the fire.
5. REQUIREMENTS FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY AFTER THE END OF WORK
5.1. At the end of work, turn off the equipment, clean it, after disconnecting it from the electrical network using a knife switch, wipe and lubricate the rubbing parts; do not blow equipment and clothing with compressed air.
5.2. Rags used during work and when cleaning should be put in a special metal box with a closing lid.
5.3. At the end of work, wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, if necessary, take a shower.
List of normative-technical and other documents used in the development of instructions
1. Safety requirements in the production of work using hand tools (collection normative documents). - M.: NIC "Normative-Inform", 2004.
2. Intersectoral rules on labor protection during loading and unloading operations and placement of goods (POT RM-007-98).
3. Fire safety rules in Russian Federation(PPB 01-03).
4. Intersectoral rules for providing employees with special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment, approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated June 1, 2009 No. 000n.
5. Lists of harmful and (or) dangerous production factors and work, during the performance of which preliminary and periodic medical examinations (examinations) are carried out, and the procedure for conducting these examinations (examinations), approved by order of the Ministry of Health and social development of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 2011 N 302n “On approval of the lists of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors and work, during the performance of which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations (examinations) are carried out, and the procedure for conducting mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations (examinations ) workers engaged in hard work and work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions.
6. Intersectoral instructions for first aid in case of accidents at work. - M .: Publishing house of NTs ENAS, 2007.
Instruction developed
in the department of labor protection of the university
Beginning department ______________
Agreed: Chief Engineer _____________
Chief Power Engineer _____________
Approved
Department of the forest complex
Ministry of Economy
Russian Federation
December 15, 1997
Agreed
Central Committee of the Workers' Union
forest industries
Russian Federation
December 17, 1997
Standard instruction on labor protection
for locksmiths engaged in the repair and maintenance of machinery and equipment
TOI R-15-041-97
The instruction comes into force from 01.01.1998.
1. General safety requirements
1.1. Persons who have undergone a medical examination and are deemed fit to perform this type of work, have been instructed, trained and tested on labor protection and fire safety, first aid and have a special certificate about this may be admitted to work as a mechanic.
1.2. To perform work on drilling and other metalworking and grinding machines with pneumatic and electric tools, as well as work related to slinging / strapping /, lifting and moving loads by lifting mechanisms controlled from the floor, persons who have undergone special training and have a certificate may be admitted the right to do these jobs.
1.3. Tractor drivers, machinists, car drivers and other professions of workers who periodically take part in the repair of machines and equipment assigned to them must be trained in safe methods and be instructed in labor protection at the performed locksmith work.
1.4. The locksmith must know:
the internal labor regulations of the enterprise and comply with them;
signal exchange rules established at the enterprise;
the arrangement and purpose of all parts of machines, individual components, as well as the rules for their operation and care.
1.5. Locksmiths during the period of work must use personal protective equipment (overalls, safety shoes, gloves, goggles, masks, respirators, etc.) issued by the enterprise.
1.6. A mechanic engaged in the repair and maintenance of machinery and equipment must take the following precautions: when passing by or being close to the workplace of an electric welder, do not look at the electric arc (at the flame of electric welding). When working near an electric welder, require fencing of the welding site with portable shields, screens;
do not approach acetylene generators with open fire, gas cylinders, flammable liquids, materials, paint and spray booths; when near oxygen cylinders, do not allow oil to get on them, do not touch them with hands contaminated with oil, since the combination of even a small amount of oil / fat / with oxygen can cause an explosion;
do not turn on or stop (except in emergency cases) machines, mechanisms, machine tools that are not assigned to work;
do not touch moving parts of equipment, machines and mechanisms, do not touch electrical equipment, electrical distribution cabinets, general lighting fittings, electrical wires, tires, terminals and other current-carrying parts;
do not step on portable electrical wires, hoses lying on the floor;
do not open the doors of electrical distribution cabinets (assemblies) and do not remove guards and protective covers from moving and current-carrying parts of the equipment. If the electrical equipment is faulty, call an electrician.
1.7. Workers using the transport provided by the enterprise for travel to and from work are required to know and strictly comply with the rules for transporting passengers. Travel to and from the place of work on transport not equipped for these purposes is prohibited.
1.8. When traveling in a bus, a specially equipped car, a passenger car of a train, on watercraft, it is not allowed: to get in and out until the transport stops completely; go out in the direction of the carriageway, ride outside the car; sit on board the body; stand on the deck of a boat, in a boat or in the back of a car; transport a fueled gasoline-powered saw, fuel, lubricants and explosives, woodcutting tools with open blades or teeth, hunting rifles in an assembled combat form; transport firewood and other bulky goods that block passages; overload a boat or vessel; boarding and disembarking the vessel before mooring; smoking, littering and damaging the property of the vehicle.
When driving through water obstacles, each worker must wear a life jacket or belt.
When transported by helicopters, workers must comply with all orders of the crew.
1.9. Organizational management of the work is carried out by the master directly or through the foreman. The orders and instructions of the master are binding on all workers.
2. Safety requirements before starting work
2.1. The locksmith should check:
work clothes, put them in order, fasten the cuffs of the sleeves. Work clothes must be in good working order and tucked in so that there are no hanging ends. Pick up hair under a tight-fitting headdress;
whether the workplace and approaches to it are adequately lit. The light should not blind the eyes. Report burned out light bulbs to the master;
serviceability and fastening of the vise and adjust their height in accordance with their height by laying in front of the workbench (under the feet) a special wooden lattice or stand of the required height so that the surface of the vise is at the level of the elbow joint;
bench vise and clamps should not have play, firmly grip the clamped products and have an unworked notch on the jaws;
hand tools and accessories necessary for work, and, if necessary, personal protective equipment and arrange them in convenient and easily accessible places to exclude the possibility of accidental movement or fall during work;
the presence of wooden foot gratings at workplaces with cold floors (cement, asphalt, clinker, etc.);
staffing of workplaces for carrying out work outside inspection ditches, overpasses or lifts with rolling sunbeds.
2.2. Inspect and tidy up the workplace, remove everything that may interfere with work; if the floor is slippery (doused with oil, paint, water) demand that it be wiped or do it yourself.
2.3. When working, use only serviceable, dry and clean tools and fixtures:
hammers and sledgehammers must be mounted on the handles at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the tool and securely fastened by wedging with metal wedges. The handles must be made of hard and tough wood (mountain, maple, elm, oak) and have an oval and smooth surface. The length of the hammer handle should not be shorter than 300 mm, and the length of the sledgehammer - 450-900 mm, depending on the weight of the tool;
butt pads and strikers of percussion instruments (chisels, crosscuts, barbs, cores, hammers, sledgehammers, etc.) should have a slightly convex smooth, not oblique or knocked down surface without burrs, potholes, dents, cracks and hardening;
tools with pointed ends (shanks) for fitting handles (files, hacksaws, awls, screwdrivers, etc.) must have firmly reinforced wooden or plastic handles. The handle must have a length in accordance with the dimensions of the tool, but not less than 150 mm, and in order to avoid splitting it must be tightened with metal bandage rings; blades of axes, chisels, crosscuts, scrapers, drills and other cutting tools should not have burrs, gouges and cracks, and their cutting edge should be properly sharpened and be a flat or slightly convex surface;
the length of chisels and crosscuts must be at least 150 mm, and the drawn part must have a length of 60-70 mm;
the blade of the screwdriver must be retracted and flattened to such a thickness that it enters without a gap into the slot of the screw head;
wrenches must match the dimensions of the nuts and bolt heads and must not have cracks, gouges, burrs. The jaws of the keys must be strictly parallel and not rolled;
sliding keys should not have slack (play) in moving parts;
needle-nose pliers and pliers should not have chipped, broken jaws, handles. The jaws of the needle nose pliers must be sharp, and the pliers must be properly notched;
bars and large files for filing wide surfaces should be equipped with special handles that allow convenient processing of these surfaces;
ends of crowbars, mandrels for making holes metal products must not be bent or knocked down;
supports used in manual riveting, crimping, chasing and other work must be strong and safe;
pullers must have a rigid structure and not have cracks, bent rods, torn or crumpled threads and ensure alignment of the thrust (tension) device with the axis of the part to be removed. Puller grips must provide a tight and secure grip on the part at the point of application of force.
Locksmiths are required to comply with the requirements for handling tools established by the factory instructions.
2.4. The worker should use bags or a lightweight carrying case to carry the tool.
2.5. Upon receipt of a portable electric lamp from the pantry, check the presence of a protective grid on the lamp and the serviceability of the cord and insulating rubber tube.
2.6. For local lighting, use a portable safe-type lamp with a voltage of 42 V, and in the presence of particularly unfavorable conditions (high humidity, cramped conditions, uncomfortable position, work in boilers, tanks, wells, trenches, etc.) use a portable lamp with a voltage of no more than 12 V.
2.7. If a malfunction of the equipment, tool, fixtures or workplace is detected both before starting work and during work, inform the foreman and do not start work until the troubleshooting. It is forbidden to work on faulty equipment, use faulty tools, as well as disassemble and repair pneumatic and power tools on your own.
2.8. Before repairing machines (equipment), clean them from dirt, soot, logging residues and wash (if necessary).
3. Safety requirements during work
3.1. In the process of work, the locksmith must:
do only the work that is assigned. If the safe way of doing the work is not well known, contact the manager for clarification;
do not start new (unfamiliar) work without receiving instructions from the foreman about safe ways to do it;
keep your workplace clean and tidy during the entire working time, there should be no oil, coolant, parts, workpieces, chips, scraps and other waste under your feet; do not block passages and driveways; stack blanks and products in the allotted places in a stable position on gaskets and racks, while the height of the stacks should not exceed one and a half width or one and a half diameter of the base and be no more than 1 m;
during work, be attentive, not be distracted and not distract others;
do not allow people who are not related to this work to the workplace. Without the permission of the master, do not trust your work to another worker;
working with auxiliary workers (trainees), teach them safe working methods and monitor their implementation;
noticing a violation of instructions by other workers or a danger to others, do not remain indifferent, but warn the worker about the danger or the need to comply with safety regulations;
do not wash your hands in oil, emulsion, kerosene and do not wipe them with wiping ends (rags) contaminated with chips. Store used cleaning material in metal boxes specially designed for this purpose; do not eat at the workplace.
3.2. It is forbidden to involve in the repair, maintenance and start of the engine of machines and equipment of persons who are not related to this.
3.3. Persons who do not have the right to drive a car, tractor, diesel locomotive and other machines based on them, distillation of machines within the economy, their installation at a maintenance and repair post, as well as checking the brakes on the go are not allowed. To do this, you need to call the duty or main driver.
3.4. Carry out cleaning, cleaning, repair and maintenance of machinery and equipment with the engine not running, except for adjusting the power system, engine electrical equipment, testing the brakes and checking engine operation.
3.5. After installing the machine on the inspection ditch, overpass, you must:
check the correct installation of the wheels in relation to the guides;
make sure that there is free access to the ditch, that the ladder and the floor grate in the ditch are in good condition;
block the free (open) part of the ditch with portable shields or install bridges based on the number of cars spread out on the ditch minus one. The width of the removable bridges must be at least 0.8 m.
3.6. Cars, diesel locomotives, couplers and other vehicles before repair and maintenance it is necessary to securely fix it with stops by installing at least two brake shoes or notch sleepers under the wheels (it is not allowed to use bricks, chocks, boards and other random objects for this purpose), then brake with a parking brake, while the gear change lever must be set to the position , corresponding to the lowest gear; on cars with petrol engines, turn off the ignition (remove the ignition key), and on cars with diesel engines, cut off the fuel supply.
Hang a sign on the control panel of the machine with the inscription "Do not start the engine! People are working!".
3.7. Repair of technological equipment powered by an electric drive should only be started after disconnecting it from the mains, removing the drive belts and posting the poster "Do not turn it on! People are working!" on the starting device (knife switch).
3.8. Before dismantling the machine or equipment, make sure that the fuel and oil tanks, gasoline and oil lines, and the cooling system are free of oil, fuel, and coolant residues.
3.9. Drain oil, fuel and coolant (water, antifreeze) only in a special container. Containers for draining and storing antifreeze must have a clear inscription "POISON" and an established sign for toxic substances.
It is forbidden to pour gasoline, antifreeze through the suction hoses by mouth.
3.10. For lifting, removing, installing and transporting heavy (weighing more than 20 kg) units, assemblies and parts, use serviceable lifting and transport equipment and auxiliary devices of the appropriate carrying capacity, which are allowed to work on.
3.11. To lift equipment, assemblies, assemblies and other assembly units by hoisting mechanisms, follow the places and devices specially designed for this purpose in accordance with the instructions and diagrams for safe methods of slinging, tying and tilting of goods, indicating the devices used.
Lifting a load for which a slinging scheme has not been developed should be carried out in the presence and under the guidance of a person responsible for the safe performance of work on the movement of goods. It is not allowed to lift (hang out) the rolling stock by towing hooks and shock-harness devices.
3.12. Blocks, chain hoists, hoists should be suspended only from reliable building structures and other structures and devices as directed by the work manager.
3.13. It is not allowed to carry out work (even short-term) under a raised hood, cab, tractor shield, dump truck body, manipulator boom, etc. without installing strong additional stops under them, stands, excluding their spontaneous lowering.
When repairing and maintaining manipulator-type machines and equipment, the boom of which has several degrees of movement, lower the end of the boom to the ground (overpass).
3.14. Before removing, installing and rolling out units and assemblies (rear and front axles, springs, wheels, bogies, etc.), raise the frame of the car, diesel locomotive or other transport equipment until the springs are completely unloaded and install special metal stops (tragus) under the frame or lay out a cage of inventory bars with a length of at least 1 m.
Metal stops (tragus) must have sufficient strength, reliability and stability. The legs of the stops must be rigidly connected to each other and have support platforms at the ends.
3.15. Do not leave the equipment, and also do not let people in and do not stay under the equipment or on equipment hung out on lifting mechanisms alone (jacks, hoists, winches, cranes) without additional installation of reliable stops under the equipment.
3.16. When using the jack, make sure that it is in good condition: check the condition of the ratchet with the pawl, the gear rack and the presence of spikes on the support leg; the presence of a device that prevents the complete exit of the screw or rail from the housing and the condition of the screw thread. The supporting surface of the head of the jack must be shaped to prevent slipping of the lifted load. If the thread of the screw or nut is worn by more than 20%, it is forbidden to work with a jack.
3.17. Hydraulic and pneumatic jacks must have tight connections to prevent leakage of liquid or air from the working cylinders during the movement of the load, as well as devices (check valve) that ensure the slow lowering of the plunger, rod or their stop when pressure drops in the pneumatic or hydraulic system in the event of a break hose.
3.18. When using hoists, blocks, chain hoists, check the reliability of their fastening on beams, goats, etc.
3.19. When lifting the machine (equipment) on jacks, install the latter only on firm ground in a strictly vertical position. If it is necessary to install the jack on loose or viscous soil, place strong special wooden linings under the jack to ensure its stable position. Use wooden spacers to prevent slipping of the jack head support surface.
3.20. When using a jack, fulfill the following requirements:
do not lift or lower the load, the mass of which exceeds the lifting capacity of the jack;
when lifting and lowering the load, do not hold hands on the head of the jack;
do not increase the lever of the rack jack;
raise or lower the load with several jacks only at the command of the foreman and simultaneously with all jacks;
when lifting, monitor the position of the load, the condition of the gaskets and the stability of the jack, not allowing the load or the jack to shift, as this can cause an accident and cause injury.
3.21. When hanging the machine on a lift (hydraulic, electric), hang a sign on the lift control mechanism with the inscription "Do not touch! People are working!"
3.22. To lift (hang out) a skidder or a machine based on it in the field (cutting area, timber warehouse, etc.), use lifting and transport equipment of the appropriate carrying capacity. In exceptional cases, the lifting (hanging out) of the tractor should be carried out with a winch of another tractor. At the same time, the traction rope of the winch should be attached to the frame and positioned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tractor being lifted, while preventing the rope from coming into contact with sharp metal structures tractor.
It is forbidden to be on the tractor along the axis of the rope action and to the side at a distance less than the length of the tensioned rope while lifting (hanging out) the tractor. After the end of the lift, without crawling under the tractor, lay out a cage of bars under the raised side.
3.23. Lifting (hanging out) the tractor with its winch by attaching the rope to stumps, trees and random objects is prohibited.
3.24. Mounting and dismantling of technological equipment and pipelines should be carried out from scaffolds (flyovers) in accordance with the technological sequence set out in the technological description and operating instructions for machines and equipment using appropriate tools, fixtures and devices.
At the same time, the work should be organized in such a way that it excludes the possibility of simultaneously finding those working on top of each other on the same vertical.
3.25. Before removing units and assemblies with the presence of lubricant, cooling working and other liquids, the liquid must first be drained into a special container. Containers for draining and storing antifreeze must have a clear explanatory inscription "POISON" and an established symbol for toxic substances.
3.26. When removing and installing components and parts that are in a suspended or semi-suspended state (gearbox, transfer case, clutch, cardan shaft, wheel, etc.), use insurance (fixing) devices and devices (lift trucks, stands , stops, brackets, chains, cable loops, contractions, etc.), which guarantee the removed and installed parts and assemblies from their spontaneous mixing or falling.
3.27. Before dismantling machines and equipment, foresee and prepare places for dismantled units, assemblies and parts, as well as free passages and work platforms necessary for carrying out repair work.
3.28. Place the removed units, components and parts firmly and steadily on special pads, stands, racks and other devices and devices using pads and stops that prevent accidental displacement, falling and overturning of units and parts. Put units and parts on operating equipment (machines), batteries, window sills, etc. not allowed. Installation under the load, at the time of its lowering, any lining is not allowed. Necessary linings must be laid in advance.
3.29. Only place axle shafts, springs, cardan shafts and other long parts horizontally on special supports. Do not lean them vertically against a wall, equipment, etc.
3.30. Before removing the cabin or body, take out the broken glass in the windows, and bend the torn edges of the lining inward.
3.31. When removing individual parts that require great physical effort, or the removal of which is associated with inconvenience and danger (brake damping and valve springs, drums, spring pins, etc.), use pullers and other devices that prevent their sudden action. The dimensions and design of pullers and fixtures must correspond to the dimensions of the parts to be removed and the landing sites.
3.32. When working with wrenches, select the wrenches according to the size of the nuts and bolt heads. It is forbidden to use gaskets between the jaw of the key and the face of the nut, and also to build up the key with another key or tube.
3.33. When loosening and tightening nuts and bolts located in inconvenient places, use wrenches with a "ratchet" or with articulated handles - face.
3.34. Unscrew the rusted nuts (bolts), having previously moistened them with kerosene. Cut off defective bolts with a hacksaw or cut with a chisel.
3.35. When lifting and lowering cargo on an inclined plane (slopes, rolls), use delaying devices and devices that ensure the retention of cargo from rolling and overturning.
The strength of the slopes and rolls must correspond to the mass of the transported load, the deflection of the slopes, rolls at the maximum design load should not be more than 20 mm.
The ends of the slopes and rolls should have metal fittings, and the upper ends should have additional metal hooks.
Paired slopes and reels should be of the same length, fastened together with bolts, ties, brackets or wooden planks.
3.36. When removing, putting on and connecting the caterpillar, replacing links and pins, use special tool and fixtures (drills, couplers, etc.).
When the caterpillar comes off, it must be put on in the sequence: disconnecting the links, putting on the caterpillar, connecting the links. The use of other methods of putting on without disconnecting the caterpillar links when it comes off is prohibited.
3.37. Removal of the rear axle of skidders and machines based on them in the conditions of a cutting area, a forest warehouse, etc. carry out in the following sequence: remove the load shield, lay out a cage of bars at least 1 m long under the bridge to the stop, disconnect the driveshaft, traction, expand the caterpillar, unscrew the bolts securing the rear axle to the frame, move the rear axle along the laid out cage, and when complete disassembly of the rear axle, it must be moved from the cage to the longitudinal spacers. When moving the rear axle along the cage and gaskets, be on the side of the axle drive sprockets.
3.38. The removed components and parts, before their inspection and repair, must be washed in washing installations, and in the absence of such, thoroughly washed with kerosene or other permitted solvents in containers specially designed for this purpose or wipe them with a brush (rag) abundantly moistened with kerosene (solvent) in specially designated premises (places).
3.39. When repairing, washing and servicing parts of fuel equipment and engines running on leaded gasoline, observe the "Instruction on safety measures for the storage, transportation and use of leaded gasoline".
3.40. Cleaning of assemblies, parts, as well as repair of fuel equipment should be carried out in special rubber gloves under exhaust panels with ventilation turned on in compliance with fire safety measures.
3.41. Collect used cleaning material in special metal boxes with lids; it is prohibited to store oily cleaning material and flammable liquids at the workplace.
3.42. Accidentally spilled oil, fuel, antifreeze or dropped solidol on the floor should immediately be covered with dry sawdust or sand and collected in a specially designated place.
3.43. Dismantling and assembling small assemblies should be carried out on workbenches, and large-sized units and assemblies (engines, gearboxes, rear axles, etc.) - on special tables, stands that ensure their stable position.
3.44. Securely fasten the car installed on the turntable with the help of the devices provided for by the design of the stand; drain the fuel and working fluids, dismantle the batteries, remove all loose objects from the body, cab and passenger compartment.
3.45. When working at a workbench, make sure that its surface is clean, smooth and free from burrs. Clamp the workpiece securely in a vise.
3.46. Sweep away dust and chips from the workbench with a brush or sweep. Do not blow off dust and chips with compressed air, mouth or remove chips with bare hands.
3.47. When chopping, riveting, chasing and other similar work, in which metal particles may fly off, use goggles or a mask with safety glasses, and protect the place of work with portable shields (nets) so that people working or passing by do not get injured.
3.48. Cutting, cutting and processing metal with a hand tool should be performed only with a fixed position of the product, parts or blanks, using a vice, clamps, clamps for thin sheet metal, as well as plates and anvils for thick and strip metal.
3.49. When performing work near moving mechanisms, electrical wires and electrical installations, require the foreman to stop the equipment or remove voltage during repair work; if, according to the conditions of production, this is impossible to do, then require the fencing of dangerous places and work to be carried out in the presence of the master.
3.50. Performing work jointly with several persons, coordinate their actions with workmates.
3.51. When pressing and pressing the part on the press, set the part strictly vertically along the axis of the press rod. Removal and installation of parts should be carried out only when the rod, which is in the upper position, is completely immobile. Do not correct or support the part during the operation of the stem.
3.52. When pressing or pressing out parts with a sledgehammer and a punch, hold the latter with pliers or special grips. The punch should be made of soft metal. You can not be directly opposite the worker with a sledgehammer, stand only to the side of him.
3.53. In the manufacture of repair parts and patches from sheet steel, as well as when cutting out damaged areas, dull sharp edges and burrs.
3.54. When welding patches and cutting out damaged areas (cabin walls, bodywork, etc.), it is prohibited to hold the patches and cut parts with your hands. To do this, use special tools.
3.55. When working together with a welder, put on canvas gloves and special goggles with glasses of grades V-1, V-2 or G-1, beware of possible burns from splashes of molten metal.
3.56. Before carrying out welding work on the machine (equipment), remove or cover the gas tanks with asbestos covers.
3.57. Do not start grooving from the reverse side welds and to cleaning the seams until they are completely cool.
3.58. Work near the fan impeller of the machine should be carried out only with the fan belt removed, put on and remove the belt only when the engine is not running.
3.59. When working under the machine (equipment) outside the inspection ditches, use safety goggles, sunbeds or a trellis trolley equipped with a headrest for ease of use. Get in and get out from under the car, wagon, platform only from the side opposite to the passage.
3.60. Editing of wings, lining and other parts made of sheet steel is carried out on special supports and supports after their preliminary cleaning of dirt and old paint.
It is forbidden to make edits by weight.
3.61. When working with a blowtorch, observe the following requirements:
do not use a flammable liquid that is not intended for this lamp;
pour fuel only into an extinguished and cooled blowtorch. Fuel should occupy no more than 3/4 of the lamp capacity;
do not pour fuel near an open flame;
do not pump more air into the lamp than the allowable pressure;
wrap the lamp plug tightly to failure;
kindle only a dry lamp;
do not leave a burning lamp unattended;
if a malfunction is detected (fuel leakage, gas flow through the burner thread, etc.), stop work immediately and replace the blowtorch;
when finished, let the air out of the lamp.
Do not use homemade blowtorches.
3.62. Frame repairs should be carried out on special supports or on rolling stock with installed wheels. When repairing on stands, it is necessary to ensure a stable position of the frame.
3.63. During assembly work, especially when installing heavy parts and assemblies, do not stick your hands between the parting planes. Checking the coincidence of holes in connecting parts, assemblies and assemblies is carried out only with the help of a barb or mandrel (not with a finger).
3.64. During the assembly and joining of the section, do not place bricks, round and semicircular bars at the joints, but use rectangular wooden or metal bars.
3.65. Testing and running-in of engines, fuel pumps, hydraulic systems and other units is carried out on special stands. All rotating parts of the test stands must be guarded and the stands themselves earthed.
3.66. The brakes of automobiles, tractors, diesel locomotives and machines based on them should be tested on a special site or section of the track, while their dimensions and condition should be such as to ensure the safety of people and machines even in the event of a brake failure.
3.67. When testing and checking fuel pumps, injectors, use devices and devices that prevent air pollution with fuel vapors.
3.68. Repair of the fuel equipment of machines and equipment without dismantling them should be carried out in such a way as to protect oneself as much as possible from inhalation of gasoline vapors (work outdoors on the leeward side or in a well-ventilated room).
It is forbidden to suck in gasoline or blow through the gasoline lines with your mouth; use a pump for this purpose.
3.69. Before starting the engine break-in stand, check the engine mounting, the tightness and tightness of the pipelines that conduct fuel, oil, coolant and exhaust gases.
3.70. Starting the engine during testing and running it on the stand is carried out by a starter, a starting engine or a special device. Use the crank only for adjustment work.
3.71. When running the engine on the stand, do not make any corrections and do not touch the rotating parts of the engine.
3.72. When testing and running the engine on a car, tractor, diesel locomotive, etc. before starting the engine vehicle brake with the parking brake, set the gearshift lever to neutral position, and install brake shoes under the wheels.
3.73. When starting the engine with the starting handle, it is forbidden to apply additional levers and amplifiers, as well as to take the handle in the girth of the hand. Turning the handle must be done from the bottom up.
3.74. Work near the fan impeller should only be carried out when the fan belt is removed, remove and put on the belt only when the engine is not running.
3.75. Purge the power supply system using an air pump connected to a compressed air distribution system equipped with a moisture separator. In this case, the air pressure in the distribution system should not exceed 0.5 MPa.
3.76. Clutch adjustment operations on cars with carburetor engines should be carried out by two people working, one of which should turn the cardan shaft using the start handle. It is not allowed to use crowbars to turn the crankshaft from the flywheel side.
3.77. Upon completion of the repair, all removed guards and devices should be reinstalled, firmly and correctly fixed. Testing with guards removed is allowed only with the permission of the work manager, after which the equipment must be stopped and the guards put in place.
3.78. Starting the engine and moving the vehicle from its place or putting the equipment into operation should be carried out under the condition of ensuring the safety of those working with this machine, equipment, as well as persons nearby.
3.79. Work with increased danger and harmful working conditions (repair and installation of equipment at a height of more than 1.5 m, work in a tank, well, trench, etc.) should be carried out only according to the work permit issued at the enterprise, indicating the measures for safe conduct works.
3.80. When working at height, check the condition and serviceability of stands, scaffolds, ladders and ladders.
Portable ladders, ladders, stands must be made of grade 1 and 2 softwood lumber without fiber inclination.
3.81. Portable ladders and ladders must have devices that prevent the possibility of shifting and overturning during operation. The lower ends of portable ladders and step-ladders must have sharp-tipped fittings, and when used on asphalt, concrete and similar floors, must have shoes made of rubber or other non-slip material. If necessary, the upper ends of the ladders must have special hooks.
3.82. Portable wooden ladders and sliding ladders over three meters in length must have at least two metal tie bolts installed under the steps. Sliding stepladders must be equipped with devices that exclude the possibility of their spontaneous shift.
3.83. The steps of wooden stairs must be cut into bowstrings, which must be crossed with tie bolts every two meters. The distance between the rungs of portable ladders and sliding ladders should not be more than 0.25 m and less than 0.15 m.
3.84. The length of the ladder should be selected in such a way that it is possible to perform work while standing on a step located at a distance of at least 1 m from the upper end of the ladder. The total length of the stairs should not exceed five meters.
3.85. It is forbidden to work from a ladder mounted on boxes and other unstable and random supports. The inclination of the stairs to the floor must not exceed 60°.
3.86. Stands, ladders, bridges, scaffolding flooring must be stable, rigid, dense and have railings and side boards at the bottom. Deflection of the flooring at the maximum design load should not be more than 20 mm.
3.87. In ditches: wells, trenches, as well as in tanks and other containers from flammable, explosive and poisonous liquids, to be carried out by a team of at least three people according to a special work permit indicating safety measures and with the permission of the head.
3.90. A team can handle only one tank car at a time.
These works are allowed to be performed during daylight hours.
3.91. Before repairing the tank or tank, securely ground it, disconnect the pipelines and remove the oil residues. Cleaning and repairs should be carried out with a non-sparking tool.
3.92. When cleaning a leaded gasoline container, inner surface must be pre-moistened with water.
3.93. To carry out work inside the tank (container), workers must be provided with appropriate overalls, safety shoes, a hose gas mask, a safety belt with a rescue rope attached to it, designed for a load of at least 2 kN (200 kg), goggles and other protective equipment.
When using a hose gas mask with a hose length of more than 11 m, a forced air supply must be provided under the gas mask working in the tank.
Overalls should not have steel metal buckles, buttons and other accessories, and shoes should not have steel nails, horseshoes and heels.
3.94. Before descending into a tank, cistern, bath and other container or into an exhaust ventilation pipe, put on a safety belt. Attach a rescue rope or rope to the belt, the free end of which should be given to another worker outside the container, who must keep the end of the rope or cable wrapped once around any securely fixed object and monitor the worker inside. Cleaning should be carried out in a gas mask with interruptions in work every 15 minutes with a rest in clean air for at least 15 minutes.
3.95. When working inside the tank (container) from under fuels and lubricants, boilers, the use of electric tools is not allowed. For lighting inside the tank (tank), use rechargeable lights, which can be turned on and off only outside the tank (tank).
3.96. Soldering and welding of containers from fuel and lubricants should be carried out only after the complete removal of these substances and their vapors by special treatment (steaming, washing, ventilation, filling the containers with exhaust gas, etc.).
3.97. In vessels, apparatuses, tanks and other metal structures with limited ability to move and exit the worker, it is allowed to carry out work with a class I and II electrified hand tool, provided that the tool, and at the same time only one, is powered by an autonomous engine-generator set, from a separate transformer or converter with separate windings, as well as machines of class III. Power sources (transformer, converter, etc.) must be outside the vessel, and its secondary circuit must not be grounded.
3.98. Connecting auxiliary equipment (transformers, frequency converters, circuit breakers, etc.) to the network and disconnecting it must be carried out by electrical personnel.
3.99. In the car wash area, hatches, wells must be closed, the passages must be cleared of dirt, and in winter from snow and ice.
3.100. The car or other vehicle installed on the washing post must be braked.
3.101. Workers engaged in washing should be provided with overalls, safety shoes, goggles and rubber (polyvinylchloride) gloves.
3.102. After washing in a chemical solution, the components and parts should be rinsed with warm water to remove any remaining solution.
3.103. In the absence of washing machines and bathtubs, components and parts may be washed in kerosene or special detergents. The use of gasoline and diesel fuel for these purposes is not permitted.
4. Safety requirements in emergency situations
4.1. Carry out repairs and maintenance of machinery and equipment only when the engine is not running, except when the operation of the engine is necessary in accordance with the technological process of maintenance and repair.
4.2. Do not let people in and do not stand under the raised body of the dump truck, tractor shield, hood, boom, etc. without installing special, durable stands, rods that protect the body, shield, hood from spontaneous lowering. It is forbidden to use random objects (crowbars, chocks, pieces of metal, etc.) for these purposes.
4.3. Prior to the repair and maintenance of modular machines of manipulator type and with jaw grippers, their working body (boom, manipulator, gripper, etc.) should be installed in one of the extreme positions (in transport or lowered to the stop with the ground, floor, stand) , relieve pressure in the hydraulic system, unload the hydraulic cylinders by repeatedly switching on and off the hydraulic distributor spools with the pump turned off (engine not running). It is forbidden to carry out work related to the repair and maintenance of the machine with intermediate positions of the working body.
4.4. When repairing, hanging (lifting), moving (towing) the machine, components and assemblies, it is prohibited to use track pins of tracked vehicles as knockouts and connecting elements in the rope block equipment of the machine and mechanisms.
4.5. The victim or eyewitness must notify the foreman or the appropriate work manager of each accident.
4.6. Each worker must be able to provide first aid. Such assistance is provided immediately, directly at the scene and in the following sequence: first you need to eliminate the energy source of injury (switch off the engine, stop the mechanism, turn off the circuit breaker, turn off the valve, stop the equipment, etc.). Assistance should begin with the most significant that threatens the health or life of a person (in case of severe bleeding, apply a tourniquet, and then bandage the wound; if a closed fracture is suspected, apply a splint; in case of open fractures, first bandage the wound and then apply a splint; in case of burns, apply a dry bandage; in case of frostbite, gently rub the affected area using soft or fluffy tissues).
After providing first aid, the victim should be sent to the nearest medical facility.
If spinal injury is suspected, transport the victim only in the supine position on a rigid base.
5. Safety requirements at the end of work
5.1. Check the availability and tidy up the tool and put it in the cabinet.
5.2. Tidy up the workplace and clean the area where the work was performed. Collect used cleaning material in the designated place.
5.3. Drain spent kerosene and other liquids into a specially designated place (containers). Hand over the workplace (site) to the shift and inform him or the foreman about all the shortcomings that occurred during work and about the measures taken to eliminate them.
Job description repairman
1. General Provisions
2. Job responsibilities
3. Rights
4. Responsibility
1. General Provisions
1. This job description defines functional responsibilities, rights and responsibility of a repairman.
2. A person with a secondary education and appropriate training in the specialty is appointed to the position of a repairman.
3. The mechanic-repairman must know the structure of the repaired equipment, units and machines; machine regulation rules; ways to eliminate defects in the process of repair, assembly and testing of equipment, units and machines; device, purpose and rules for the use of used control and measuring instruments; design of universal and special devices; methods of marking and processing simple various parts; system of admissions and landings; quality and roughness parameters; properties of acid-resistant and other alloys; the main provisions of preventive maintenance of equipment; design features of the repaired equipment, units and machines; technical conditions for repair, assembly, testing and regulation and for the correct installation of equipment, units and machines; technological process repair, assembly and installation of equipment; rules for testing equipment for static and dynamic balancing of machines; geometric constructions with complex markup; methods for determining premature wear of parts; ways to restore and harden worn parts and apply a protective coating.
4. A repairman is appointed to the position and dismissed by the order of the head of the institution (enterprise, organization) in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.
5. The repairman directly reports to the head of the structural unit.
2. Job responsibilities
Implementation of repair work. Disassembly, repair, assembly and testing of components and mechanisms. Repair, installation, dismantling, testing, regulation, adjustment of equipment, units and machines and delivery after repair. Locksmith processing of parts and assemblies. Manufacture of complex devices for repair and installation. Preparation of defective repair reports. Performing rigging work using lifting and transport mechanisms and special devices. Identification and elimination of defects during the operation of the equipment and when checking during the repair process. Accuracy and load testing of repaired equipment.
3. Rights
The repairman has the right to:
1. make suggestions to management on issues of organization and working conditions;
2. enjoy information materials and legal documents necessary for the performance of their duties;
3. pass certification in accordance with the established procedure with the right to receive the appropriate qualification category;
4. improve your skills.
The mechanic-repairman uses all labor rights in accordance with Labor Code Russian Federation.
4. Responsibility
The Maintenance Technician is responsible for:
1. implementation of the official duties assigned to him;
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