Pricing reform in construction. Pricing reform: will there be budget savings? For the preparation of estimates and calculations for the work performed, a specialized system "Techexpert: Pricing and estimate work in construction

An attempt by the Ministry of Construction to carry out a radical reform of pricing in construction in one year, as expected, failed. There is still time before the new deadline of September 30, 2018, but there is still a lot to be done. After the conference at the exhibition "Domestic Building Materials", dedicated to the progress of the reform, there was no confidence that all issues would be resolved, wishes taken into account and deadlines met.

It was smooth on paper...

To understand from the speech of representatives of the Glavgosexpertiza what state of the art cases on the implementation of the reform of the CA, it was difficult. Opened the conference Irina Lishchenko(Glavgosexpertiza) spoke in detail about the joint work with the Ministry of Construction since the start of the reform; outlined an urgent task - harmonization by the middle of the year of the estimated and regulatory framework, which includes all the estimated standards of Moscow. She recalled that the main objective reform is to move the industry to a more reliable resource method for determining the estimated cost of materials, urged manufacturers to forget about the dubious base-index method and "change the worldview in this part, because you are now the source of information, according to which the price of the object will be determined."

Ms. Lishchenko dwelled on the procedure for setting the price of an object, spoke about changes in the concept of pricing. She announced the shortened list since the new year legal entities, on data received from customs on legal entities importing building materials into the territory of the Russian Federation in accordance with the classifier, as well as on the preparation for publication of estimated prices. According to the speaker, in order to test the system and obtain analytics, data on the results of the IV quarter. 2017 will appear in the public domain. This will make it possible to see data on the price of the resource in each subject.

Sergei Polunovskiy(Department of Pricing Methodology) turned to the practical aspects of working with the FSIS CA. He held a user master class for the “combat” version of the FGIS CA for manufacturers of building resources. The speaker advised to consolidate the acquired knowledge on the system's website, in the "Knowledge Base" section, where comprehensive explanatory materials and training videos are presented, as well as answers to frequently asked questions. Studying them, the speaker assured, will help users understand how to work with the system.

Anton Sarychev(Department of Pricing Methodology) spoke about the importance of the classifier for the CA system and its main task - monitoring the prices of building resources. The speaker promised that this would improve the pricing and cost estimate system in the industry. To date, the classifier contains 99,545 positions, some of them are formed according to the field of application, the other part - according to characteristics. Mr. Sarychev said that by the end of March it is planned to make a big addition to the classifier, and then update the information quarterly. In conclusion, he invited manufacturers to take part in filling the positions as "in an interesting and challenging job."

Ministry of Construction & Business: an intermediary to help

If the conference had taken place not at the end of January, but in October, after these formal reports, the event would have ended. However, there would be no conference for manufacturers: the Ministry of Construction was little interested in their opinion, questions, comments, suggestions. The regulator, having failed the first term of the reform, continued to work according to the same scheme in the second. But the professional community finally could not stand it. At the end of November, the head of the RCC, Vladimir Yakovlev, wrote a letter to presidential aide Andrey Belousov stating that the actions of the Ministry of Construction to implement the CA reform "are negative, are negatively perceived by the industry, and most importantly, do not meet its needs." After that, the situation changed: an intermediary appeared between the department and the professional community - a working group to resolve controversial issues in the application of new regulatory documents. And the NOPSM came up with the idea to hold a conference at the OSM with the participation of the Glavgosexpertiza and representatives of the working group.

The report of its leader, Olga Garashchenko, made it possible to see a more voluminous picture of the progress of the reform. In particular, she identified two difficult questions, which cannot be solved using the methods of the Ministry of Construction. It is the calculation of wages and the determination of the cost of materials: salary is not official everywhere, and the average monthly data on it comes from Rosstat. The calculation method forms a cumulative impersonal indicator, equal to an average of 30 thousand rubles. If the calculation of wages is based on the indicators of Rosstat, the conflict in the industry is inevitable, - said Olga Garashchenko. - So far we do not know what to offer the Ministry of Construction to solve the problem. It should be decided at the level of a government decree.”

The second impasse is related to the fact that when determining the cost of materials and equipment, the intermediary sector turned out to be cut off. “The methods of the Ministry of Construction stipulate that the selling prices of two manufacturers closest to the construction site are taken for calculation. But manufacturers often sell their materials through trading houses or dealer networks. It is impossible not to take into account their services, this is also a function, a process, a cost,” Garashchenko said. “We still don’t have an understanding of how to proceed: on the one hand, there is the President’s wish for the companies to work directly, on the other, there is an established sector of the economy.”

Anna Molchanova, an expert from NOPSMIK and a member of the working group, spoke about the questions manufacturers ask them. “Many questions are related to the search for your products in the classifier, the main principle of which is the rejection of branding, and we are all used to price lists with the designation trademarks. In addition, we do not have a unified terminology for new imported materials, there are still groups of materials without GOSTs. Therefore, the classifier of building resources, as a system-forming base, begins to pull along a huge layer of related issues. And how they will be resolved depends on us,” Ms. Molchanova said. - The second most important question is, how will consumers find your products in the classifier? Now everyone needs to be retrained by manufacturers, designers, estimators, because we are moving to a new principle of selecting materials according to key technical specifications. It's difficult, but I think it's the right thing to do." In conclusion, Anna Molchanova invited narrow specialists to join the work on the classifier.

In the last part of the conference there were questions from the audience. They also added a lot of touches to the situation with the progress of the reform. For example, the issue of assigning different OKPD codes to the same products from different manufacturers involved all experts in discussions. Consensus was not found, but the topic was noted. Another question, on the contrary, made Irina Lishchenko ask if there are many manufacturers in the hall who have opened the FGIS at least once on a computer. It turned out one.

Very important topic raised by the head of the NPSMA committee on information requirements for products Ilya Usov: Does Glavgosexpertiza, as the operator of the FSIS CA, plan to develop an open API for the data in the system? Referring to the regulations governing the FSIS CA, Mr. Sarychev said that such integration is not provided. As far as the editors know, the NOPSM sent a letter on this matter to the Ministry of Construction.

A manufacturer of roofing materials asked if such a factor as the cost of producing materials of various types would be taken into account when determining the cost of building resources. life cycle. According to Lishchenko, the Ministry of Construction will deal with this issue as part of the implementation of the roadmap for information modeling.

After the conference, the proposals of the working group on amendments to regulations on pricing reform. In early February, a meeting was held with Glavgosexpertiza specialists, which showed that joint work can be effective and useful for both parties - most of the proposals of the working groups, including those on wages, will be accepted.

Alexandra Pryluka

“Reform should not be planted, but should be prepared for public opinion”

In our opinion, it is impossible to speak separately about the conference without taking into account the context in which the reform of the Central Council is taking place: there is clear skepticism on the part of the professional community regarding the actions of the Ministry of Construction. The regulator, in turn, reacts slowly and with difficulty to business requests or does not take into account modern realities at all.

Two weeks after the conference, we asked the team leader to determine the estimated cost of materials Olga Garashchenko comment on the implementation of the reform, as well as tell if solutions were found to the issues that she raised at the conference /

With regard to wages, an option has been proposed that will increase baseline in order to make the salary correspond to the actual one, without linking it to the Rosstat indicator for the construction industry on a regional basis. There will be no details yet, the decision should be made at the end of March. These changes can be implemented only at the level of amending the Government's resolution. You can't set a base salary based on false data, false because someone has broken the law. The Ministry of Construction agrees with the proposal to separately designate all surcharges to the tariff.

Regarding the determination of the cost of materials - everything will be regulated by the characteristics. The description of a more durable product will contain signs of durability, and the FSIS user should understand them. I can say that the Ministry of Construction is aware that the wrong decisions can provoke manufacturers to produce low-quality, but cheap products, and is developing an action plan to prevent this.

As for the question of Ilya Usov, I can say that if it is not possible to connect to the API protocol, we will not succeed. The Ministry of Construction argues its refusal, referring to the Government Decree, which states that FSIS CA is a system for internal use. But if this system is in itself, there will be little life in it.

In my opinion, the department does not fully understand how everything interacts. There is a higher goal in integration, it (integration) is multicomponent: the classifier of building resources must be combined with pricing rates, combined with geolocation, with a library of information modeling elements. Then we will get an up-to-date base on the formation of value both in construction and in operation. Then it will be possible to talk about the optimization of resources at the level of the whole country. We will prepare an examination of this issue and try to convince the department of the need for integration.

Regarding the implementation of the reform: my personal opinion is that this mega-reform takes time. The established transition period to the resource method until September 30, 2018 is ample time to eliminate the main mistakes of a complex project on a national scale. But for FSIS to start meeting its goals, it takes three to five years. It is very important to prepare public opinion, to carry out explanatory and educational work in dialogue with business. It is impossible to impose reform in a directive without explaining anything to anyone. To this day, some financial managers of the largest construction corporations that work with state orders do not know what the meaning of the reform is.

On the other hand, the resistance to change on the part of business is also understandable, it is necessary to reorganize in a short time to work in a new way (from the base-index pricing method to the resource pricing method in government orders). In fact, there are practically no specialists who could easily begin to think in a different pricing paradigm today. These people will be in great short supply.

Also, the resource pricing method is more transparent than any other method, and this is often unprofitable for many. Therefore, first of all, officials must understand that the new reform will not allow them to put pressure on Building bussiness in order to squeeze out of it their corrupt interests, which earlier in pricing could be “covered up” with something.

If state prices for a wide range of products and services change simultaneously in a country, this may indicate a pricing reform. These measures should be understood as a change in the pricing mechanism itself (for example, the transition from state-set prices to free market pricing).

Pricing Reformation - Key Elements of the Reorganization

The pricing reform involves a fundamental change in the methods of setting prices and the reorganization of the entire complex, including:

• Wholesale prices;
• purchasing;
• retail.

Pricing reform always affects retail prices, as they are closely linked to all elements of the system. Retail prices for some categories of goods (for example, meat and dairy products) are much lower than the actual costs of their production and purchase prices. The government is forced to eliminate this difference by sending subsidies to producers. However, such measures are not optimal - they contribute to a decrease in the production of these goods, encourage an irrational attitude towards them.

For successful reforms, price adjustments and indexation of incomes of citizens, it is important to fulfill the condition - to develop in the shortest possible time an effective methodology for monitoring price fluctuations.

Pricing reform and government orders. Contractual prices and conditions for their change are approved by the authorities placing state orders in the course of negotiations with enterprises, the main consumer group and wholesale organizations, taking into account the volume of costs, the price list and the market pricing policy if these parameters are known. Definition of contractual wholesale prices together with the placement of government orders is important element pricing reforms.

Pricing reform and the banking sector. Under the conditions of the reform, pricing should be reviewed. Particular attention should be paid to currency regulation.

Pricing reform and optimization of the economic mechanism. The reform of pricing is inextricably linked with the revision of the economic mechanism, the transformation organizational structures management, strengthening foreign economic relations and improving the efficiency of financial and credit policy.

The weakening of the country's economy is a consequence of an imperfect pricing system, including pricing methods. At the same time, a radical reform may result in a subsequent recalculation of price parameters. The reason for this result may be the imbalances that have accumulated in the pricing system. These disparities need to be eliminated as soon as possible, but it is even more important to form a new pricing mechanism that would make it possible to avoid such disparities in the future and create an effective one.

Positive effect of pricing reform

The pricing reform opens up new prospects for flexible and agile price regulation in order to create an optimal balance between supply and demand.

The pricing reform aims to:

• Increasing production efficiency. Production efficiency is determined by labor productivity, product quality, material intensity and capital intensity. Production efficiency is evaluated based on the competitiveness of the product, which is determined by the price / quality of goods. Thus, pricing reform can improve production efficiency.

• The growth of trade. The increase in turnover depends not only on the manufacturer, but also on state apparatus(actions of the authorities and legislative changes). Adjusting prices in favor of lowering them contributes to an increase in purchasing power, and, consequently, an increase in trade.

Stay up to date with all important United Traders events - subscribe to our

Online publication for specialists in the field of construction and design, budgeting, road construction.

All the most important in your mail

In development of the instructions of the President and the Government Russian Federation The Minister of the Russian Federation is carrying out large-scale work on the development and implementation new pricing principles, based on the resource method for determining the cost of the main structural elements of objects capital construction.

Order of the Ministry of Construction dated 08.06.2015 N 413 / pr approved "Classification of estimated standards, forecast and individual indices changes in the estimated cost of construction to be applied when determining the estimated cost of capital construction objects, the construction of which is financed with the involvement of budget funds budget system Russian Federation and extrabudgetary sources”.

The classifier consists of 6 main sections.

New types of estimated standards are being introduced - price standards for constructive solutions at the current price level at the beginning of 2015 (with further annual updating) and construction price standards at the price level as of 01/01/2015, which will help to avoid errors in the budget planning of construction (investment) projects for the prospective period.

New types of estimated standards in their structure correspond to the composition of the initial data in the project documentation. In addition, the emergence of these standards will significantly reduce the opportunities for making irrational design and redundant space-planning decisions.

A draft order of the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation "On amendments to the order of 08.06.2015 No. 413/pr" was developed. The draft order proposes to amend order No. 413/pr, setting out the name of order No. 413/pr in the following wording: “On approval of the Classification of estimated standards to be used in determining the estimated cost of capital construction projects, the construction of which is financed with the involvement of federal budget funds”. Also, the draft order proposes to state the Classification of estimated standards in new edition according to the annex to the draft order.

A draft order of the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation “On approval of the Procedure for the development of estimated standards to be used in determining the estimated cost of capital construction projects, the construction of which is financed with the involvement of federal budget funds”, has been prepared. The procedure determines the scope of work and the sequence of actions of the Ministry and its subordinate federal autonomous institution "Federal Center for Pricing in Construction and Industry building materials» on organizing the development, review and approval of estimated standards used in determining the estimated cost of capital construction projects, the construction of which is financed with the involvement of federal budget funds.

Do you know?

For the preparation of estimates and calculations for the work performed, a specialized system "Techexpert: Pricing and Estimating in Construction" has been created.

The system is being created jointly by the Federal Center for Pricing in Construction and the Industry of Building Materials (FAU "FTsTSS").

It contains the regulatory, methodological and consulting materials necessary for the estimator. In addition, the banner "Indices of change in the estimated cost" is placed in the system, inside which the indices of change in the estimated cost are grouped by years.

You will also find a magazine published by the FAA FTsSS - "Bulletin of Pricing and Estimated Rationing" for the period from 2009 to the present. The magazine is presented in a convenient format: you can open any publication from the content without flipping through the entire magazine.

Pay attention to the banner "New FSNB", which contains state estimated standards with all changes - as amended by orders of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated January 30, 2014 N 31 / pr, dated October 17, 2014 N 634 / pr, dated November 12, 2014 Mr. N 703/pr. Documents are searchable by text.

In your work, controversial issues often arise, the solution of which is not always unambiguous. Expert advice will help you find a way out of any situation. On the main page of the system, under the "Question-Answer" button, a selection of the most relevant questions and answers to them is presented.

Question answer

Ivanova S.A.

The design organization, when determining the estimated cost of construction for facilities financed with the involvement of federal budget funds, applies a quarterly index of change in the estimated cost. The consolidated estimate calculation is carried out on the basis of 2001 with the conversion to current prices by a single quarterly index to the cost of construction and installation works and quarterly indices for equipment and other costs. working estimate documentation in this case, it is compiled in the base of 2001.

Customer in terms of reference on the design indicates the preparation of two estimates: - in the base of 2001 with the conversion to current prices by quarterly coefficients; - and at current prices, with the compilation local estimates at current prices, taking into account indices by type of work. At the same time, the estimated cost of construction in the two summary estimates does not match. The first version of the consolidated estimate calculation is submitted for examination.

Does it make sense to draw up two estimates if, when preparing the tender documentation, they use the estimate documentation that has passed the state examination, i.e. 1 is an option?

Estimated documentation is one of the sections of design documentation for capital construction facilities for industrial and non-industrial purposes (clause 9, 28 of the “Regulations on the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content”, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 N 87).

Rationale:

Clause 30 of the said Regulation provides that “budget documentation for the construction of capital construction projects, financed in whole or in part with the involvement of federal budget funds, is compiled using estimated standards included in the federal register of estimated standards to be used when determining the estimated cost of capital construction objects , the construction of which is financed from the federal budget. If the specified federal register does not contain the necessary estimated standards, individual estimated standards may be developed in accordance with the established procedure by the decision of the construction customer.

The specified estimate documentation is compiled using the basic price level and prices prevailing at the time of its compilation (indicating the month and year of its compilation). The basic price level is understood as the cost indicators of the estimated standards that were in force as of January 1, 2000.

In accordance with the "Regulations on the verification of the reliability of determining the estimated cost of capital construction projects, the construction of which is financed with the involvement of federal budget funds", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 18, 2009 N 427, the verification of the estimated cost is carried out according to project documentation.

In order to implement the architectural, technical and technological solutions contained in the design documentation for the capital construction object during the construction process, working documentation is developed, consisting of documents in text form, working drawings, specifications of equipment and products (clause 4 of the “Regulations on the composition of sections of the design documentation and requirements for their content”, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 N 87).

“In the event that during the development working documentation the estimated cost of a capital construction object has increased, the design documentation of which has passed the state examination, and the reserve of funds for unforeseen work and costs is not enough, it is necessary to correct the design documentation and draw up a new summary estimate of the cost of construction of this object. At the same time, it is mandatory to check the reliability of determining the estimated cost of a capital construction object financed with the involvement of federal budget funds, even if there have been no changes in technical solutions that affect the structural reliability and safety of the facility ”(extract from the letter of the State Construction Committee dated 06.11.2012 N 1593-SG/005/GS).

To date, the reform of pricing in construction, which at the end of 2016 - beginning of 2017 seemed rather distant, is gradually gaining full momentum and becoming more and more real for specialists in the construction industry of the Russian Federation.

The start of the reform, one might say, was given on June 22 - the State Duma adopted in the third reading a law reforming pricing in construction.

With the adoption of the law in Urban planning code the concepts of estimated norms, estimated standards, estimated cost, estimated prices of building resources are introduced to form a unified approach in the development of regulatory legal acts in the field of estimated rationing and pricing in the field of urban planning.

The approved cost estimates are entered into the federal register and are mandatory for developers who will build facilities at the expense of budgets of all levels, as well as for state corporations and companies that are more than 50% owned by the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation or municipalities.

The law also provides for the creation of a state information system that includes a register of estimated standards and the results of monitoring the cost of building resources (materials, products and structures, equipment to be installed, the cost of operating machines and mechanisms, the level of remuneration of construction workers and machine operators) in the context of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

One of the key elements of the pricing reform is the exclusive right of the Russian Federation to the base of estimated standards.

The law provides for and legitimizes the calculation of the cost of construction using the resource method. At the same time, the cost of construction is determined on the basis of current prices for building resources. Subsequently, monitoring of the cost of construction resources in all regions of the Russian Federation will be organized, taking into account the prices for building materials, services of machines and mechanisms, as well as the costs of transport logistics.

The base-index method for calculating estimates, based on the use of the outdated estimate and regulatory framework of 2001 and indices for converting 2001 prices into current prices, gave a significant error in calculations and is now a thing of the past.

July 26, 2017 was signed the federal law No. 191-FZ "On Amending the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and Recognizing Certain Provisions of Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation as invalid". This law made further adjustments to the Town Planning Code, but most importantly, it clearly spelled out the date of transition to the resource method - September 30, 2017. By this date, the main steps of the pricing reform should be completed.

WIZARDSOFT tries to keep its customers up to date and constantly holds events aimed at raising the awareness of their participants about what is happening in the field of pricing, as new regulatory documents and guidelines appear every day, which are often quite difficult to understand.

At the moment, VIZARDSOFT together with the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution "Price Monitoring and Expertise Center" held a series of seminars on the topic "Reform of the pricing system in construction - state and prospects", following which methodological materials were prepared.

Pricing reform in construction: the interests of the industry come first

Text: Anna MARTYNOVA

Rosatom is actively involved in the reform of pricing in the construction industry being carried out by the Ministry of Construction. The work is in full swing, and the specialists of the state corporation are fighting hot battles for taking into account each industry specificity in the new state regulatory framework.

In Russia, the pricing reform in the construction industry is in full swing. The Ministry of Construction is working on the creation of a comprehensive and consistent regulatory framework in the field of pricing and estimated rationing.

The main goal of the reform is to ensure that prices at construction sites, especially state-owned ones, are not overstated, and already at the planning stage, customers and builders can predict the final cost of projects as accurately as possible.

Rosatom is one of the largest construction customers in the country. The annual volume of capital investments of the Group of Companies in the Russian Federation exceeds a quarter of a trillion rubles. The issue of project cost control is the most acute for Rosatom.

“Given that the nuclear industry in Russia is currently classified as a priority for the development of the economy and we are solving the global task of increasing the volume of nuclear power plant construction, the key issue for us is still improving the accuracy of predictive calculations of construction costs,” said the Director for Capital Investments, State Construction Supervision and State Expertise of Rosatom State Corporation Gennady Sakharov. Therefore, Rosatom takes the most direct part in the reform.

400+ Days of Reform
The pricing reform began in November 2015, after consideration by the Public Council under the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation. The concept was called "400 days", fixing the forecast terms of its implementation in the title. As is often the case with reforms, more time was needed.

Initially, it was assumed that the main activities would be completed by the beginning of 2017. But it was only in July 2016 that the key document was approved - FZ-369, which is called the “pricing law” in the industry. This law determined the main changes that need to be made to the Town Planning Code and Federal Law-39 “On Investment Activities”. The law was finalized by July 2017. As a result, for the first time at the legislative level, a conceptual apparatus was fixed: such terms as “estimated cost of construction”, “reconstruction and overhaul”, “estimated norms”, “estimated prices of building resources” and “estimated standards”.

At the end of 2016, government decrees “On the Federal State Information System for Pricing in Construction” and “On Monitoring the Prices of Construction Resources” were approved. The Federal Estimate and Regulatory Base for Pricing in Construction was put into effect in 2017, and the Methods for the Development and Application of Estimated Standards were approved.

Among other things, the government decided to create a Federal State information system pricing in construction (FSIS CS) is a resource for centralized collection, storage and use of data by all industry participants. “FSIS CA is “Yandex” in the field of pricing and estimated rationing,” said Andrey Savenkov, head of the Department for Expertise of Estimated Standards of the Glavgosexpertiza of Russia, at one of the conferences dedicated to the reform.

Approved estimated standards are entered into the FSIS CA. Their use will be mandatory for developers implementing projects using budget money, as well as for state corporations and companies with state participation of more than 50%. But at the same time, the base of estimated standards will be open to everyone. “Any participant can rely on it construction market, and even any citizen for personal purposes will be able to obtain from the database information on the cost of services of machines and mechanisms, building materials and labor, ”says Mikhail Men, head of the Russian Ministry of Construction. FSIS CA began work at the end of September 2017.

It is worth paying attention to the fact that the Russian Federation "took" for itself the exclusive right to the base of estimated standards. The industry bases that existed before are gradually ceasing to operate, "merging" into the state one. In addition to the industry bases of large corporations: Rosatom, Gazprom, Russian Railways, Rosneft, the Ministry of Transport (for the overhaul of federal highways) and the Ministry of Culture (for restoration work) have their own estimated bases.

The reform is really overdue, experts say. Pricing in construction has long been a set of obsolete legal acts, conflicting and loosely connected. The intricate regulatory framework made it possible to inflate the cost of construction already at the design stage.

V professional community a request has long been formed to improve existing standards, cancel standards for obsolete technologies and develop new ones, exclude double and ambiguous interpretation of certain provisions in the methods, Deputy Director for Capital Investments, State Construction Supervision and State Expertise - Head of the Industry Pricing Department in construction and cost expertise of the state corporation "Rosatom" Irina Tripolets.

Interests of Rosatom
Rosatom, which is extremely interested in taking into account industry specifics when developing regulatory and methodological documents as part of the reform, back in 2016 signed a plan of interaction between departments with the Ministry of Construction of Russia and FAU Glavgosexpertiza of Russia.

The work is carried out in a number of areas: the processing of industry estimated standards into state ones, the inclusion in the classifier of building resources of the nomenclature of material and technical resources and equipment of the industry, accounting in the developed state methodology specifics of the construction of nuclear facilities and others.

Specialists of the state corporation "Rosatom" participate in working groups to support the development of methodological documents, put forward proposals and comments on draft documents and defend the position of Rosatom on them. “The goal of our work is to ensure the interests of the state corporation Rosatom in terms of pricing and estimated rationing,” says I. Tripolets.

Significant work remains in the field of methodology describing how to determine the cost of construction in a new way: calculate the cost of certain types works, develop and apply estimated norms. In the course of the reform, all methods are updated. “For example, “The procedure for determining the cost of construction” is a reference book for pricing specialists in design institutes, in the services of the customer, with investors, ”explains I. Trypolets. Both new and updated methods should reflect issues related to the specifics of the construction of nuclear facilities.

Among them - increased wages for construction and assembly workers employed in the construction of such facilities. Rosatom builds technically complex facilities with extremely high requirements for radiation, nuclear and seismic safety located in them technological systems. To work on construction sites, highly qualified specialists are needed, whose salary requirements, according to the state corporation, are on average 30% higher than the market average.

The Ministry of Construction has not yet taken into account this specificity: the formation of “estimated prices for labor costs”, taken into account in the methods, depends only on the ratio in the construction region of low-paid and highly paid professions(including those not related to construction), data on which are transferred to Federal Service state statistics, OCKS experts comment. The state corporation is trying to defend its right to provide estimated prices for the labor costs of "nuclear" workers.

To this end, a draft amendment to the "Rules for Monitoring the Prices of Construction Resources" has been prepared, which is currently being discussed with stakeholders. “In Soviet times, in 1983, in order to resolve such issues, the Council of Ministers of the USSR, as an exception, allowed the Minsredmash and the Ministry of Energy to increase the wages of workers by 25%,” reminds I. Tripolets.

With regard to approaches to remuneration, there are a lot of complaints not only from Rosatom, but also from other major construction customers, experts say. “The Ministry of Construction puts forward the idea: wage should be formed based on the results of statistical data on average for the region; it is not right. In addition to additional costs that need to be taken into account, such as the cost of shift method, secondment of workers, relocation of contractors, etc., Russian Railways, the Ministry of Transport, Rosatom have formed approaches to remuneration and their own tariff agreements. All this should be taken into account,” Pavel Goryachkin, president of the Union of Estimators, told Atomic Expert.

The list of features of the nuclear industry alone, which must be taken into account in the Methods, is extremely extensive. For example, the industry uses custom-made structures: cable products, pipelines, embedded parts, pipeline assemblies, and much more. It would also be worth considering the costs associated with enhanced departmental security and the provision of special access control at the facilities.

And special insurance conditions for construction, installation and nuclear risks. And the maintenance of customer services, including operating personnel. Installation and adjustment of head equipment have their own specifics, commissioning works at nuclear facilities.

Heated discussions and disputes
Proposals, substantiating documents and comments were sent to the developers more than once, says I. Trypolets. But "Glavgosexpertiza" and the Ministry of Construction of Russia continue to consider many of the requirements of the nuclear industry unfounded.

“It is very difficult to prove anything. The Ministry of Construction, as a regulator, has its own opinion on everything. We put in a lot of effort great amount supporting documents to justify our costs and ensure that they are taken into account when developing documents. Any line that appears in the new regulatory and methodological documents and will reflect the specifics of the industry will come to us with colossal efforts,” she states.

In order to substantiate their position, atomic scientists transfer rationing directly “into the field”. In early September 2017, Glavgosexpertiza specialists carried out work on technical regulation at the site of the Leningrad NPP-2 under construction. As a result of the work carried out, 23 construction processes were recorded, which will serve as the basis for the development of state elemental cost estimates that take into account the realities of construction and installation work at nuclear power plants.

The difficulties of working with regulators arise not only when justifying industry-specific costs. Previously, Rosatom itself could plan a list of standards that need to be developed and approved. This list was sent to the Ministry of Construction for inclusion in the Federal Register. “Today, a different order has been established: the ministry itself approves a plan of standards to be developed. Simply put, in 2018 it will be possible to develop only those norms that were in the plan of the Ministry of Construction.

In our application for 2018, there were 200 norms. The Ministry of Construction agreed on 11, with a promise that the rest will be agreed in 2019 and beyond. But we cannot postpone anything, the industry lives here and now,” says I. Trypolets. Therefore, everyone has to possible ways to convince the Ministry of Construction: Rosatom needs results as soon as possible.

Another example is the situation with the "Methodology for determining the cost of construction abroad" (an important document, taking into account the multi-billion dollar portfolio of the state corporation for the construction of nuclear power plants in various countries). The development of this "Methodology" began in 2013. The draft document was coordinated for several years at the Ministry of Construction, and in 2016, finally, the regulators “gave the go-ahead”: a positive conclusion was received from the Federal Center for Pricing in Construction and the Building Materials Industry (subsequently, the Federal Center for Pricing “merged” into Glavgosexpertiza).

Based on this conclusion, according to the procedure, the Ministry of Construction was supposed to enter the “Methodology” into the federal register. However, the ministry refused to do so, demanding another cycle of refinement.

This issue is so important for Rosatom that it was discussed at the highest level- at a working meeting CEO state corporation Alexei Likhachev with the head of the Ministry of Construction Mikhail Men. We agreed to form an interdepartmental working group headed by Deputy Minister Khamit Mavliyarov; it included representatives of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as other largest customers construction in the Russian Federation, such as Rosneft and Gazprom. The working group has been meeting since the beginning of 2017. “The methodology is being developed with very hot battles,” I. Trypolets said.

Impact on projects
Experts assure that, despite the complexity and scale of the current processes, the ongoing reform does not affect the timing of the construction of nuclear facilities.

“The 400 Days Program is not the first reform in the field of pricing in construction. Over the past 20 years, changes in this area have been constant,” they say in the OCKS. There is a lot of work, but construction time is the most important priority. sectors where construction was started before the release of the reform documents, the basic-index method and sectoral building codes are retained.

They also do not see the risks of higher project costs due to the reform. “If, as a result of the pricing reform, the federal budgeting and regulatory framework is “filled” with sectoral specifics for determining the cost, this does not mean that the cost of construction will increase and exceed the limit values, since the specifics of construction are already reflected in the technical part of the project documentation,” I. Trypolets.

After all, the task is to ensure that the new norms reflect the reliable cost of construction. There were examples, they say in the OCKS, when the analysis of the norms led to the opposite effect - their optimization in terms of cost. Construction technologies are changing, production is being put on stream and getting cheaper. Therefore, analytical work in the field of rationing should lead to a reflection of the real - and not overestimated or underestimated - construction costs.

First time in 25 years
The peculiarities of the discussed reform for Rosatom is that now the nuclear industry for the first time in 25 years can receive an adequate up-to-date base of estimated and regulatory documents in the field of construction.

Pricing has its own history. Nuclear power plants were built by Minatom, regulatory framework have existed since 1969. V state base 1984 there was a separate section "Designs of atomic power stations". Then the nuclear industry was directly involved in the development of prices and standards. But then the accident happened Chernobyl nuclear power plant, and "global cooling" began in the nuclear industry.

Meanwhile, it was then that the country was undergoing a pricing reform: from the prices of 1984 they switched to the prices of 2000. Gosstroy developed a "road map", instructed the departments to take into account the specifics of industries. Due to the “freeze”, the nuclear industry did not participate in this process. “What is budget regulation? It is a complex of technical, organizational and economic methods determining the cost of time and resources, including the development technological maps on construction processes, projects for the production of works, technical standardization of processes on the site. Since the construction of the nuclear power plant was frozen, the nuclear industry did not participate in updating this estimate and regulatory framework,” reminds I. Trypolets. As a result, when the work was completed with the release of a new state estimate and regulatory framework, the section "Designs of nuclear power plants" disappeared from there. The nuclear industry had to live by the rules of 2000, which do not take into account the specifics of nuclear power plants.

This problem became acute in the second half of the 2000s, when, after the revival of the nuclear industry, the development and financing of new projects began. The contractors faced the problem of inconsistency of the estimated norms with the technologies used at the construction site: the rates were developed for general civil construction, for housing, for social and cultural life, for administrative buildings - for anything, but not for nuclear projects.

Since then, Rosatom has done great job, having created an industry-specific estimate and regulatory framework in a few years. It was almost completely included in the "Federal Register of Estimated Standards" by the beginning of 2014. I. Trypolets announced the volume of work: the industry estimate and regulatory base includes 91 collections and more than 60 thousand different rates.

The fact that the state decided to assign the exclusive right to the base of estimated standards led to unpleasant consequences for the industry: the same work has to be done twice. “Now there will be no industry norms. And those industry standards that were already in the federal register, for example, Rosatom, Russian Railways, Gazprom, are now subject to processing in accordance with the new requirements of the Ministry of Construction. And it is necessary to go through the procedure for approving the inclusion of these norms again - now in the FSIS. It is both technically and financially very costly,” says I. Trypolets.

Experts believe that industry bases should be left as independent view estimated standards. “I believe that this category should be preserved - sectoral estimated standards. It will not work just to “pour” them into the federal ones. Industry standards take into account established production relations, transport schemes, the cost of equipment, wage indicators formed on the basis of various agreements. They have been developed and tested for decades and take into account everything that happens on the complex and individual industry facilities.The Ministry of Construction deals mainly with housing construction, and this is the simplest of all types of construction. If we roll everything under one brush, it can have negative consequences,” P. Goryachkin believes.

According to him, Rosatom, Gazprom, Russian Railways have their own standards for those works that are present in the state estimated standards. “They have the same name, but in fact they contain a slightly different composition of mechanisms, materials, and equipment. When merging head-on, it will turn out to be a mess: the types and complexes of work will not be connected, ”he added.

The Ministry of Construction plans to merge all industry standards with federal ones during 2018-2019. According to P. Goryachkin, the ministries concerned and large corporations At the same time, they should take a tougher stance and defend the preservation of their own estimated regulatory bases.

Count every nail
One of the stated tasks of the reform is the transition from the basic-index method of forming the cost of construction to the resource method, which takes as a basis the current level of prices for building resources in the regions, taking into account transport costs.

Determining the cost by the resource method will require additional labor costs from all participants in the investment activity: from designers - for the development of estimates, from customers - for their verification, experts say. What is a resource method? From the estimate it is necessary to pull out everything to the last nail. A large unique building object is tens of thousands of resource items. And each resource must be shortchanged. This is a huge job, despite the automation of the estimate business,” says P. Goryachkin.

According to the President of the Union of Estimators, it is more reasonable to use the resource method for "calculating" the main pricing materials, which give 95% of the cost, and in terms of the number of items can be 10-20% of the total.

The resource method is not a panacea for all problems in pricing, I. Trypolets believes. In her opinion, the main problem now is outdated norms that do not reflect effective methods production using modern mechanisms and materials.

So hurry up with the fixing resource method as the main one is not necessary, P. Goryachkin believes. It is necessary to do everything gradually: first, put the estimated standards in order, then debug the work of the FSIS. “This movement should take several years for the construction industry to adapt. These issues cannot be resolved in one fell swoop,” he said in conclusion.

OTHER MATERIALS OF THE ROOM