When the child does not want to read. If the child does not read, should he be forced? The school curriculum is “interesting” books

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Yes, man, this is a disgusting thing. Many people absolutely cannot read books. They call it in different words: not enough perseverance, not enough concentration, "does not go." Not so long ago, from one comrade who was suddenly fond of ... socionics, I learned that he cannot read books for one reason, supposedly scientific: he is an audiophile. Of course, I am not underestimating the importance of this classification, the problem is that it is practically irrelevant. The main thing in reading books is experience and habit. This is a very valuable skill, and personally I think it is as vital as being able to cook, for example. But what to do if serious literature is not going well for you? In this article, you will learn why books are not read and get advice on how to learn to read books.

Why books are not read

If the book does not come, it does not mean that you are an audiophile or you lack perseverance. The problem is much simpler: you have no book experience.

1. You are too lazy

Yes, dude, lazy, she is! Some comrades have been reading Dostoevsky's books for years, while others take about two weeks. Why is this happening? Because you are too lazy. The best remedy against laziness - to motivate yourself. At first you are lazy, then it becomes tolerant, and then you cannot live without it.

2. The book seems boring

No special effects, not even pictures! How can this be an interesting leisure time? It seems to me that our education system is to blame for this. All these works on the topic "Was Bazarov right?", "Wasn't Raskolnikov a fool?" Russian history"," The image of a pianist "and all that nonsense. Moreover, as I remember from my school years, in the classroom, we paid quite little attention to reading directly, but writing these boring articles, sucked from the finger, is extremely time-consuming. The big oversight was almost complete absence foreign literature, which reinforced in some comrades the belief that Russian literature is the greatest, and in the West only perverted shit is served. In addition, the majority of schoolchildren are not interested in moral issues, very serious ones, and even the excellent students do not fully understand them. Until the fifth grade, I was terribly fond of reading, but when the period of the first school essays, the books seemed to me a damn dull occupation, and the constant grumbling with that discouraged me from any desire to read. No, I read, but literally gritting my teeth. If at the age of 12 I had not become very ill, had not spent a lot of time in the hospital and had not read, out of boredom, "A Hero of Our Time" and many more books from the program, I would hardly have read books so willingly.

3. No habit

Reading books is a matter of habit. If you don’t get used to it, don’t learn to imagine another world and abstract from reality, it will be more difficult to read. So the habit must be developed by constant and frequent reading.

Now let's talk about how you can learn to read more and better.

The book "does not go"

One of his colleagues once complained that a voluminous volume of Dostoevsky was lying next to his wife's bed. Almost every day she opens it, reads for a while, wrinkling her forehead, and then goes to bed. And this has been happening for almost a year. Yes, man, many people really do not have the habit of reading, but they do it most often for self-development and to show that it is not in vain that they live in the most reading country in the world.

1. On strength

Compulsion is very important in everything. You heard right! If you don't take the first step, everything will go to hell. Sometimes the first step needs to be taken even without motivation, it may come later. If you start slowly, you can train yourself to read. And now you are fond of the book and read on with great pleasure.

2. Start with small texts

If you have never had any experience reading books over 500 pages, you will probably find it difficult to read both large books and multivolume books, so I recommend that you start with small texts. Collections of stories, small stories of famous and not so famous authors - all this is a good way to accustom yourself to reading. Of course, there are also quite interesting large works, which, despite the volume, are read very quickly. But there is a problem: you get bored of reading a lot of text with the same characters on the same topic. With experience, you will be able to master volume after volume of some "Song of People and Fire" or "Forsyte Saga" in weeks.

3. Habit is second nature

If you want to enjoy reading, you need to get used to reading often. Ideally, it’s good to read every day. I don't care about the volume - the main thing is every day. Then the habit will take hold in your brain even more and you will constantly think about what to read. Or why you don't have enough time to re-read all those books that you want. Book addiction is a fucking addiction, although you need to be careful with this matter, otherwise you can turn into a kind of philological maiden.

Dizzy with success

One of the most unpleasant things in the world is bookish snobbery. It is expressed either in the fact that a person who has almost never opened a book before, reads some Remarque or Hemingway, is fucking crazy that books can contain such original ideas, from his point of view (an inexperienced person), and becomes a kind of bearer of truth. From such a person you can very often hear the contemptuous phrases "Read more books!" All the Internet! " The funny thing is, you can hear it from people your age. It is even more amusing that these enlightened personalities, who have read two or three books that “invaded their subcortex,” cannot even for a second imagine that people next to them read books much more often than they do, but they don’t think that this is can exalt them above others. The second manifestation of book snobbery is reading "elite" or "correct" literature. This can be expressed in the fact that for a person there are higher genres (say, postmodernism, futurism or mystical realism), but science fiction, detective stories and fantasy will automatically be unworthy genres for him. It is difficult for such a person to explain that there is pulp fiction, but there is something in which one can find the notorious deep meaning and ideas. By the way, such comrades sometimes weave the same fiction into their favorite books and argue to a pain in their groin that these books are not fiction.

Good literature is always good. Sometimes you outgrow the books, and Remarque seems very sluggish against the background of Hesse or Thomas Mann. The main thing is not to stop and not think that reading makes you better than others: you just read books. And you can also learn

First of all, let's look at the reasons for the child's lack of interest in books. Most often the main problem is the lack of a proper example. If parents, instead of reading, sit at a computer, TV or smartphones, then the child will follow in these footsteps. It is necessary to be the main example for the child! In your free time, put your phone down and pick up a book.

You may be asking too much of your child for their age. If a child has just begun to develop a reading skill, it is absolutely pointless to instill in him a love of reading. What kind of plot can we talk about if you are trying to at least collect letters for a word? First you need develop reading skill almost to perfection.

Sometimes for children, reading is real punishment... After all, parents so often set a condition: until you read at least a chapter, you won't go for a walk! Can this be regarded as something else besides a threat or punishment? It is better to forget about such phrases so that in the future the child does not perceive reading as torture.

How to instill a love of reading?

The most important way to instill in a child a love for a book has already been mentioned above - demonstrate this love by example... In addition, you can read the same books with your child so that you can discuss them with enthusiasm after reading.

Perhaps your child just hasn't found "My book"... Remember how you fell in love with reading? Surely not from the first book, but "the very one" that was able to engender a love of reading. Help your child find a suitable genre. Tell about the books that you loved as a child, start a library of books interesting for children at home, offer them to him, describe.

Allow the child do not finish reading some books... Don't like a book from the school curriculum? If this does not happen with every book, then there is no trouble in this. Think back to yourself at school. There are few children who read absolutely every work of the school curriculum with pleasure. If the book does not go even through force, then you can postpone it. Perhaps the child will return to it later, when "ripe" for the work.

What to do if a child rereads all the time the same book and does not proceed to others? First of all, to be glad that the book captured him. This is the very start, the same starting point for the love of reading. If he reads it a second or third time, there is nothing wrong with that. Try to offer him other books on a similar subject, tell us about them, and interest him. If the child liked one book, then he will definitely move on to others.

Is it worth rejoicing if the child does not part with the book? What if the student does not read at all? What work to disassemble in the seventh grade - Pushkin's fairy tales or "Quiet Don"? Writer, journalist, teacher of literature Irina Lukyanova answers parents' questions about literature in the lives of their children.

- Irina, what is happening with reading today - do children read? Or have they all stopped?

The answer to this question will be the same as the answer to the question "Do modern adults read?" There are people who cannot be taken away from the book, and there are those who do not know what a book looks like. This has always been the case, and in Soviet times, too.

We often hear “read more before”, but we must not forget that the way information is conveyed changes all the time. For a long time in human history there were no books at all, all information from generation to generation was transmitted orally. Then books appeared, but there were few of them, and not all of them were literate. Over time, the book has become an almost monopolist in the transmission of information, and now it is rapidly losing this position.

The development of mankind cannot be stopped, it is impossible to force a person to return to some conventionally golden age - the age of oral tradition or the age of monopoly of the book.

Can you learn to knit from a book? You can, but it's easier to do it by video tutorials. Is it possible to put the English pronunciation on the book? Of course, at school I put it so-so myself - according to the self-instruction manual of the state foreign language courses in front of the mirror, but audio and video recordings in this sense will be more useful. You can learn about the life of the inhabitants of the ocean depths from a book, or from BBC films, for example.

In this sense, the book is being squeezed from all sides by other carriers of information - but at the same time, of course, the book can do what they cannot. And children, of course, learn very quickly to use other media - requiring less effort from them than reading. In general, it is human nature to minimize efforts. This, however, does not mean that complex skills are not needed.

- And fiction can, in this case, be replaced by a film adaptation?

It already depends on what goal you are pursuing. Based on the adaptation of The Quiet Don, can we get an idea of ​​the life of the Cossack society? Certainly. Will the film adaptation fully convey the artistic world built by Sholokhov? Unlikely. If it is enough for a child to know the names of the characters and the main events, the film adaptation will be enough for him. If he wants more, he has to read. By the way, how many of us adults have read The Quiet Don ourselves from beginning to end?

On the final round All-Russian Olympiad on literature, which took place in early April, one of the tasks of the creative tour was to compare a fragment of the film adaptation of the classics with the work itself. For example, tenth graders got a fragment of the film “A few days in the life of I.I. Oblomov ". Of course, when translating a work from a language fiction in the cinema language, the work loses something, but gains something, and it is very interesting to compare. But, of course, one cannot say that Nikita Mikhalkov's Oblomov is Goncharovsky Oblomov.

Should schoolchildren be banned from watching film adaptations? Of course not.

We imagine many works of world classics from translations and retellings. In this case, we need to read Dante's Divine Comedy only in the original, because the translation also changes the original version. And "Robinson Crusoe", adapted and shortened, should not be given to children - only full version, only hardcore.

Modern gadgets: tablets, e-books After all, they contribute to the development of reading skills in children - do you read and read all the time?

It is perfectly normal that information carriers change with the development of technological progress. Whether our children change at the same time is another question. If earlier, after school, they chatted for hours with friends on the phone, crowded in other people's entrances and sat on benches, now they correspond in chats. The need is the same - to communicate with each other as much as possible, only now this communication looks different.

But technology is only technology. It's hard to say if she changes a person. It is unlikely that children who have not read paper books will suddenly start reading electronic ones. And psychologists warn: if a child from an early age is pushed into the hands of a tablet, when it is necessary for him to sit quietly, this does not do anything good for his development.

- How to raise a reading child?

The child must have reading skills. In order for him to read, he needs an environment in which reading is a norm of life, a part of life; when there is a habit of learning about something from a book, referring to the book in search of an answer to some question. Parents often think that it is enough to put the books on the table for the child, which they themselves liked in childhood, and remind him to read, and then he will read. But everyone probably likes to read to themselves. And modern children too.

Parents complain: why doesn't he read? Do they themselves read? What's new read in Lately besides following the links from facebook?

And themselves - brought him new books by modern authors, where it is about the same children as themselves? Modern parents are very conservative - they often think that after Chukovsky and Marshak, after Gaidar and Kaverin, there was nothing good at all in children's literature.

Read it yourself, create a reading tradition, read aloud to your child before bedtime, let him see you with a book, let him have books in his room that he can take and read, let him have time to do it. It's good if we can understand what the child is worried about now, and give him good books on issues of concern to him.

- If the child does not read anyway, is it necessary to force him?

Can you make you fall in love? Remember the prince from Little Red Riding Hood? "They will beat you with whips, and you will love me like a pretty one." One good mom son the mathematician told me about her concept of "shove and suck." You can shove something into the child - then there is a possibility that he will begin to resist and spew the pushed back. And you can create a nutrient medium for him - and then he himself will suck from it as much as he can.

But here a lot depends on the parent: to talk to the child in order to understand what interests him, what he likes, what worries him, and to keep his nose down the wind, sorting out new books, and read aloud with him, and share something interesting from read, and, in the end, put a bookcase with interesting books in his room.

- Are the school curriculum “interesting” books?

It is important to understand that now there is no single school curriculum for literature approved by the state. We have the Federal State Educational Standard, or FSES. It does not contain a list of books - it contains requirements for what the child should be able to do on leaving school, what he should be taught in literature lessons. Simply put, he should become a qualified reader on the way out.

In accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, exemplary educational programs are being created - now such a program has been developed for grades 5-9. Her logic is as follows: there are - A, B and C. List A - the obligatory works of specific authors, this is just the gold standard, without which it is impossible in any way. List B - compulsory authors, but a choice of works (for example, to read "The Nose" or "The Overcoat" by Gogol - the teacher can decide for himself). List C - authors to choose from, the teacher can choose himself and authors from this list, and their works. And already within the framework of this sample program, the teacher or himself creates work program, or takes a ready-made one, created by some Methodist.

There is no such program for 10-11 grades yet, its development is underway and causes a lot of controversy. A certain level is set by the Unified State Exam in literature: to pass the exam, you need to read a very specific list of works, it is contained in the so-called codifier, and this list is largely determined by tradition. But when scandals begin in the media “why is this and that included in the school curriculum” - this is usually from a misunderstanding that there is no single program. And it cannot be: children are very different, with different reading levels, with different needs for reading - and therefore the study of literature simply cannot be the same for the whole country. And it is also impossible to answer the question “are the works in the school curriculum interesting”: one is interested in one thing, the other in another. And the classics can be difficult - and then the teacher's task is to help the student cope with it.

- At what age can a child be given “adult” books? Will a ninth-grader understand “Anna Karenina”?

Some will understand, some will not. And someone will now understand one thing, in five years another, and in ten - a third. Children of the same age are very different psychologically: someone in the eighth grade reads fairy tales, and someone Kafka and Beckett. They understand the same work in different ways.

For example, some versions of the program are offered by Taras Bulba. I am not convinced that it is absolutely necessary to read Taras Bulba with seventh graders, but I decided to try. How did we read this text at school? Cossacks are good fellows, defenders of the faith and the Fatherland, Taras Bulba is a hero, Ostap is a hero, Andrii is a traitor. And some children read exactly this layer and no longer see anything in the text. And someone sees the terrible cruelty of what is happening.

And a seventh-grader asks: “How could Taras Bulba kill his son at all? I couldn't live after that. " Or: “Why is it bad to love a Polish woman? Isn't Romeo and Juliet about the same thing? "

And these are much deeper questions - about collective, generic values ​​and individualistic values, for example. But such a conversation is not possible with all children - for some it is too difficult. Well, is this a children's book? At what age can you give "Taras Bulba"? No answer.

- How to get children interested in reading?

Well, there are many different ways. Someone makes cartoons according to the classics, someone puts on performances ... Last year we held a “Library Night” at school and this year we do it - when everyone gathers in the evening and reads aloud. Last year, the director of Edgar Poe read, for example, and the librarian to the younger ones read a fairy tale about Vasilisa and her doll ... She brought a spinning wheel, a tow ... And in the dark, with a flickering light, I read ...

For children to read, they need to understand that what they read has something to do with themselves, with their experience.

Well, the children of Nekrasov do not like - "Who lives well in Russia", for example. Well, what does it seem to have to do with them peasant question in post-reform Russia? We are looking for questions that may be interesting.

So I asked, for example, to imagine that they are a group of researchers who have to present the research in an artistic form - to whom now in modern Russia to live well. Where will you go? Whom will you interview? Who will be included in your representative sample? They give some answers, plan their research: we will interview officials, the military, a priest, a farmer, a mother of many children, a student ... - then we compare how Nekrasov solves this problem - and it turns out that he solves it in a similar way.

- What if the child says: “I don't need literature. Why should I read? I will be a physicist. "

Before answering this question for a child, you need to find an answer for yourself. Children sometimes ask the question "why study poetry?" “For memory development,” is a bad answer. When I heard this question, I began to think "really, why?" and I realized that sometimes I just need to keep some poetic lines in my head.

If a child asks "why are we reading this?" - let's think with the child. The book is the experience accumulated by humanity. Sometimes this is the experience of experiencing events that we have not yet encountered or even do not want to face - it helps us understand how we would behave in a given situation, what choice we would make, what it could lead to. It is not necessary to experiment on yourself - you can put them on a literary hero, live something with him and go the other way.

- A teenager can answer this: "Pushkin is outdated, Tolstoy is no longer relevant" ...

Times change, but people? Okay, now you can get a divorce - so what? Do marriages fail, as in Anna Karenina? Is the divorce no longer painful for everyone who is going through it? Have married and married people stopped falling in love with someone? Have we stopped admiring the beauty of the world? Nobody wants to fly somewhere on a starry night, like Natasha Rostova?

And do you give "two" marks for free-thinking? Do they now write in their essays “Onegin is a scoundrel, and Tatiana is stupid”?

They write, of course. And that's not what they write. But I do not assess the correctness of the thought, but how well it is substantiated, how much it is based on the text. Essay is a rather strict genre, it requires not only opinion, but also its justification.

It is difficult for children to write essays. They are increasingly trying, instead of a serious large essay, to pass a short answer, which at best can be called summary abstracts.

Many were spoiled by the exam in the Russian language. Repeated training in writing an essay in Part C according to a template leads to the fact that children try to write any text according to this template. Or they are interested in what template exists for the newly introduced graduation essay, for example.

Allowing children to think freely is essential. In the literature, there can be no single correct opinion at all, but an opinion can be justified and unfounded, and it is very important to teach children to clearly formulate their opinion, to distinguish "their own opinion" from harsh abuse or emotional value judgment, to substantiate this opinion.

- What about children who do not part with the book? Is this good or bad?

I myself was such a child, it was almost impossible to take the book away from me. It seems to be good. But there is a rather serious problem here: if a book is more interesting for a child real life, it becomes a form of escape from reality.

It scares me a little when people post on social networks photos of some huge library with the caption “this is what heaven looks like”. After all, paradise in the human mind is a place where all the wildest dreams will come true, where you can fly, walk around wonderful lands, meet those whom you have dreamed of meeting all your life, where everything is possible at all. Instead, a person dreams of locking himself with a book - and instead of getting direct experience himself - only reading about how others get it. And when a person unambiguously prefers mediated reality to immediate, this is a rather alarming symptom. Maybe life doesn't give a man enough bright colors, interesting meetings, material for reflection?

- What is the main difficulty of teaching literature in a modern school?

There are many difficulties and different ones. And the fact that there is not enough time - and a lot of texts (in the seventh grade two hours a week - even the children say that they are not enough; in the eleventh - it is impossible to cram the entire Russian twentieth century into three hours a week, so you have to painfully choose what to sacrifice ). And the fact that children do not particularly want to read program texts, and they have no time to do it. They have a lot of homework, whether they read on vacation or when they are sick. They simply do not have time for voluminous works. And the fact that it happens that no matter how hard you fight, no matter how much you think up - the class cannot be stirred up, they are still not interested. But it happens, of course, when you feel: “there is contact”. And the eyes light up, and the text comes to life, and you want to work.

There are worse crimes than burning books. For example - do not read them

Ray Bradbury

Sometime in the late 90s, a mother of two sons turned to me with a question: “I don’t know what to do. If the elder is still reading something, then the younger cannot be forced to read. What can you advise? "

You know Dear friends, the reading problem is getting worse every year. Against the background of the growing availability of electronic devices, interest in books is rapidly growing. And although each gadget is equipped with a different e-reader, young users are more likely to choose applications for working with photos.

Well, what about the older generation? In the evening after a working day, instead of relaxing for a few minutes with a book, they prefer TV or surfing social networks.

If you are determined to change the situation at least in your family, but do not know where to start, let's start together.

When you don't feel like reading, remember this

Have you ever been forced to do something? How many times have you been forced to repeat the unpleasant? And now, remembering this, how do you feel?

In a conversation with that woman, there was a suggestion to force the child to read, possibly as a punishment for wrongdoing. But fortunately, she rejected this idea.

Very often, various happy associations pop up in our memory. We hear a familiar melody and remember where we have already heard it. We feel the familiar scent of perfume and again remember some pictures from the past. So seemingly forgotten impressions are reawakened.

What will a child remember when opening a book? What will come to his mind, in 10 or 20 years, when someone (for example at work) asks him to read a document of 40 sheets?

And imagine that in childhood, in the arms of his mother, a child listens to intonational reading of ancient stories. The state of comfort and safety penetrates deeply into the memory cells. And in the future, opening the book, it will be remembered again and again.

It turns out that receiving impressions can both attract, prompting for action, and stop.

People cannot obey force indefinitely

N. Hill

3 points for when you don't feel like reading

People are divided into two categories: those who read books and those who listen to those who read

Verber Bernard

This statement is true not only in relationships with children, but also in the relationship of the adult community. We all wonder why executives get more than ordinary performers. It's simple, friends. It seems Mr. Bernard was right.

In case you are determined to shake off your reluctance to read books, you should start with goals. Yes, friends, again the questions "why?" and for what?"

Perhaps you should unearth evidence that it is by knowing the truth that one gains true freedom. It is through the continuous process of cognition that a person grows and becomes a valuable person with whom one wants to develop relationships forever.

Besides, happiness is at stake. Imagine how deep we have gone: a person who does not want to read books drives himself into a dark corner of despair, indecision and hopelessness.

Whoever looks at the perfect law of freedom and remains in it, he ... will be happy

disciple Jacob

As a result, by reading the necessary material, a person becomes better, somewhere even “wiser than his enemies”. Without a doubt, reading practical material can turn the life of the reader, which cannot but affect his priorities and values.

The paradox of reading: it takes us away from reality in order to fill reality with meaning

D. Pennack

Having decided on the goals (or reasons for reading), the next point is to tackle the obstacles on the way to the goals and how to eliminate them.

For example, I don’t feel like reading because I’m too tired at work. It turns out that we need to decide on the time when I’m not so tired. Or I shy away from reading because of the lack of interest in the material itself. Then we need to return to the first point, wondering if I even picked up the right book 🙂

Take your time to attribute laziness to a person. Better offer him an interesting lesson

Initiative group

In general, these 3 points are not that difficult for personal use. But they can seem overwhelming when it comes to a child. Actually, big role will play how successful you are.

At the right time, without pressure, help your child reflect on the same goals that he will achieve through reading, the barriers to overcome, and the best ways to do it. But hurry up to prompt him, give him the first vote.

And finally, one rule

We have already spoken about this rule here. And it will help you progress by page, even if the book is really teeming with awkwardly pronounced words. This .

Set a timer (I think in your electronic device there is one) and devote only a third of an hour to the much-needed work.

Remember, what you are is determined by what you read.

Jim Rohn

Well, if after this time, you find that the book is not worthy of the next 20-minute segment, get rid of it forever.

By the way, in our city there are green containers for processing waste paper and each of them says “60 kg of waste paper saves one tree from cutting down”. This is where you can omit unnecessary reading to anyone.

So, friends, in any case, act and help those to whom. And once again I want to thank you for reading this post to the end.

When you read the clever words of others, your own clever thoughts come to mind.