Collegial bodies in certain areas. Analysis of the practice of organizing collegial decisions at the enterprise. Administrative documents based on the results of the meeting

Quite often it appears in the media, business literature, and documentation. Let's try to understand in detail what it means in general, as well as in narrow specializations.

Total value

In the broadest sense, a collegial governing body is an organization of executive power, in which the main problems and issues are resolved through joint discussion, discussion, taking into account the opinion of each member of the collegium. The correct solution is considered to be the solution for which the majority is in favor. Then this decision is formalized in the form of a legal act and is confirmed by the signature of the chairman of the board. An example of such a body is the Government of the Russian Federation.

Types of collegial bodies

In general, they are divided into individual and collegiate ones, depending on the number of responsible persons. Collegiality, in turn, is subdivided into vertical and horizontal.

Vertical collegiality is a type in which subordinate officials participate in the discussion of issues and problems within the competence of higher officials.

Horizontal collegiality is a type in which a group discussion of problems occurs only by a circle of people who have the competence to solve them.

Collegial supreme governing body

It is the authority that has the most general competence and the broadest powers, which is dominant over other governing bodies. In the modern Russian system of power, it can be called the Government. And, say, in the Bank of Russia, the Board of Directors is the highest collegial governing body.

But such a main division of management may still be possessed by, for example, commercial and non-profit organizations... There, the main purpose that a collegial governing body may have is the responsibility for strict adherence to the goals for which the organization was created. His competence extends to changing the charter, determining priority lines of activity, participating in the formation of solving issues related to the disposal of property, approving financial plan, opening of branches and representative offices, reorganization and liquidation of the organization.

Public administration

Collegial administrations are an independent part of the state apparatus, which has a certain area of influence, endowed with a public form of power. First of all, it is a political organization, which necessarily has state and power powers. It has the right to issue legal acts that are binding on those to whom these acts are addressed. But at the same time, the organ state apparatus is not entitled to go beyond its clearly limited competence. It is also important that this collegial body must and is obliged to demand the execution of its decisions, to supervise their implementation. In case of non-compliance, he has the right to use coercive measures against violators.

Thus, the main features of a public administration body are as follows:

he is necessarily part of the state apparatus;
carries out on behalf of the state its functions, goals and objectives;
has the powers of state power;
it is necessarily a definitely formed cell of human society;
it is formed in a manner strictly prescribed by law;
has a strictly delimited structure and degree of competence;
bears responsibility for its activities to the state;
is an executive and administrative authority;
implements a specific form state activities- management.

Management of an educational organization

Based on the third part of Article 26 of the Federal Law No. 273, an educational institution must have a sole manager - a rector, director or head. And the fourth part of this law provides for collegial management bodies educational organization, subdivided into mandatory and optional.

An obligatory collegial governing body is:

Meeting of employees of this educational institution- as part of his powers, labor, professional, socio-economic issues with regard to employee-manager relations.
- a school government body that decides questions regarding the quality and level of knowledge of pupils or students, improving the qualifications of teachers or teachers.

An optional collegial governing body is:

The Board of Trustees is a body that controls the expenditure of material support provided to an educational institution.
The Governing Council is a body that includes the parents of students, the decisions of which are binding on the administration of the organization.
The Supervisory Board is a control and supervisory body for managing an educational organization.
Other organs.

Sources of collegiality

Topic 5.2. Collegiality in management

Characteristics of different leadership styles

Concept and content of the manual

Topic 5.1. Leadership styles

Section 5. Leadership, Leadership, Power

Management can be defined as the process of influence of a manager on other people to achieve a set goal.

The leadership is characterized by various styles. Leadership style – specific traits behavior, techniques, actions used by the manager in the process of personnel management.

Ø Only the result is important

Ø Motivation is based on unquestioning obedience

Ø Subordinates are not involved in management

Ø Rigid exactingness

Democratic style:

Ø Both the results and the ways to achieve

Ø Motivation is based on meeting both material and non-material needs

Ø Subordinates are actively and essentially involved in management

Ø Demanding combined with trust

Liberal (club) style:

Ø Results are not important

Ø There is practically no motivation

Ø The appearance is created that subordinates are involved in the management

Ø Low demand

All kinds of leadership styles are theoretical models. In practice, in a particular situation, the same leader can use any of the listed leadership styles.

Situational leadership involves the use of various management styles depending on the level of maturity of the working group, the degree of qualifications of employees and the desire for its growth.

The main source of collegiality in management is the democratization of the management process. Democratic leadership means using collegiality, that is, various forms of employee participation in the development and decision-making.

Sometimes this management is called participatory management.

Collegiality can be horizontal and vertical.

Horizontal collegiality- group discussion of problems directly related to the performance of the official duties of the participants in their area of competence.

Vertical collegiality - participation of employees of lower levels in the formulation and discussion of issues within the competence of higher levels, and participation in decision-making on these issues.

Forms ensuring collegiality:

Ø Leadership Council- helps in the formation of a strategy, discusses general issues; formed according to the official principle; going to regularly

Ø Meeting - discusses ways to solve a specific problem; is formed from among the most competent employees capable of group discussion of issues; going to as needed... The optimal number of participants in the meeting is 10 people.

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Management involves the skillful use of existing patterns, the creation of a well-thought-out system of relationships.

Management of a preschool organization (hereinafter referred to as preschool) is a purposeful influence on the teaching staff, and through it on the educational process in order to achieve the maximum results of high-quality upbringing of preschool children.

In accordance with clause 26 of Section 2 of the Standard Rules for the Activities of Preschool Organizations (approved by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated May 17, 2013 No. 499) management of preschool organizations is based on the principles of one-man management and collegial management.

Collegiality - the principle of management, in which leadership is carried out by a group of persons with equal responsibilities and rights in resolving issues within the competence of this body.

In a consultative form, collegiality presupposes a collective discussion of issues and the development of recommendations on a particular issue. The decisions made by this body are generally more correct, accurate and objective.

Collegial governing body does not order, but decides, and contribute to the stability of the organization.

According to the Charter of DOs (hereinafter - the Charter) management of activities of preschool carried out in accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and management- a director who is appointed and dismissed by the founder.

Management of the educational process of preschool education in connection with the increased requirements for the organization pedagogical process has become much more complicated. Success in this work largely depends on the level of leadership on the part of the director, the ability to correctly implement functions.

The forms of collegial management in accordance with the Charter are

DO advice;
pedagogical council;
board of trustees.

These forms of management ensure the unity of the management system as a whole, determine the strategic direction of the development of subsidiaries, all of its divisions.

In DO, a model of the management structure has been created, where each subject has its own purpose, specific goals, and responsibilities.

Rational distribution functional responsibilities in management will allow

Make the most of strengths teachers, to form a core within the team, which consists of competent, authoritative, respectful employees;

The manager should delegate some of his powers and functions to the team members.

Council of DO(hereinafter - the Council) - form of state and public administration of education, is a representative body working on the principle of a democratic parliament, all groups of participants in the educational process are represented in it .

The educational management model, where from the state monopoly principle they move to the principle of co-management of the state and society, in practice works in such a way that it is the management organizations of education that determine the goals and strategies of development, develop programs of activities, coordinate them with all participants in the educational process and make decisions on them. implementation. It can be concluded that the Council in this model is the strategic management body, and the director is the strategy implementation manager.

The Council should simultaneously deal with various problems related to the organization of the life of children in preschool, participate in strategic planning and help solve everyday problems. As a result, in order to optimize the work of the Council, commissions or working groups can be created, which are entrusted with the preparation of decisions on individual issues or are given the authority to plan and implement decisions already made.

Commissions and working groups- these are forms of structuring the activities of the DO Council.

Through these structures, the DO Council implements horizontal distribution its activities in the areas determined by the Charter. At the same time, he also carries out a vertical division of his activities, assigning recommendatory powers to commissions and working groups.

To solve operational or project tasks that are not within the competence of the created commissions, temporary working groups... For example, a working group can be organized to create a program for the development of educational institutions, prepare an open event (“Open Days”, a charity fair, etc.), a project for participation in competitions, etc.

Can be created standing commissions: financial, educational, organizational and legal, working with parents and the local community.

Commissions or working groups act independently according to their work schedule, but the results of their work are regularly presented at council meetings. After discussing the issues prepared by the commission or group, the council makes the necessary decisions.

To avoid making incompetent and unlawful decisions, the council may involve assistants, who may be preschool workers, parents, lawyers, financiers and other specialists who are ready to advise and provide practical assistance.

Pedagogical Council - a council of professional teachers on the educational process, making a joint decision related to the coordination of specific issues and pedagogical tasks. Is the main governing body of the educational process .

Target: to unite the efforts of the preschool education team in order to improve the level of the educational process.

Tasks:

implementation of state policy on education;
increasing the level of educational work in preschool;
introduction into practice of the achievements of pedagogical science and advanced experience;
discussion and choice of forms, methods of the educational process;
organization of experimental work in preschool;
determination of the directions of interaction with the microenvironment.

A prerequisite for the correct organization of all work in DOs is a combination of collective leadership and personal responsibility for each employee's work. At the meetings, teachers come to a common decision on improving the educational and educational process, certification of teachers, organizing experimental and research work. The pedagogical council determines the prospects for the development of preschool education. Decisions taken must be performed by all members of the collective. Execution is monitored, recorded in protocols, for the execution of which certain requirements are imposed.

The number of decisions made is not limited, everything depends on the agenda, therefore, if it consists of 5 points, then there should be the same number of decisions. On one of the questions, you can make several decisions or group them into one.

The final word is the most important stage of the work. It should be short, specific, and contain constructive suggestions. It is not always justified to include in it secondary issues of an everyday, economic and organizational nature. Such problems need to be discussed at planning meetings. The topics submitted to the pedagogical council, the nature of their consideration, reflect the level of leadership of preschool education.

The Pedagogical Council helps in the formation of a team of like-minded people, creates conditions for the analysis and assessment of existing attitudes and principles in accordance with the requirements modern science and best practices.

In order for the pedagogical council to become a governing body, and its decisions effective and contributing to the improvement of work with children, each meeting should be preceded by a detailed preparation of all its participants. The organizing council or the entire teaching staff needs to analyze their activities in order to come to the meeting with appropriate conclusions.

A decision made within the competence of the pedagogical council and not contradicting the law is binding.

Board of trustees- a public form of management, uniting on a voluntary basis all those who are interested in the development of DL . Contributes to the formation of a sustainable financial extrabudgetary fund development, contributes to the organization and improvement of the educational process, monitors the targeted use of donations, provides public control over the observance of current legislation, the rights of pupils, parents and teachers. It's not just support and funding, a dialogue with the authorities on behalf of DOs and dialogue with DOs on behalf of civil society.

The composition may include parents (legal representatives) of pupils, pedagogical workers of preschool education, representatives of various forms of ownership. Members' activities are carried out on a voluntary basis.

The Board of Trustees takes part

in the discussion of the Charter and local acts relating to interaction with parents, considers issues of making changes and additions to them;
in hearing the director's reports on the creation of conditions for the implementation of the educational process in preschool;
in reporting teaching staff, nurses about the state of health of pupils, the course of implementation of general education programs preschool education, results of pupils' readiness for school education;
in the consideration of reports, information from representatives of organizations interacting with preschool education and health care for children, including on checking the state of the educational process, compliance with the sanitary and hygienic regime of preschool education, protecting the life and health of pupils;
in planning and implementing work to protect the rights, freedoms and interests of pupils and parents during the educational process at preschool;
in ensuring the safety of all participants in the educational process, assists in organizing joint events with parents (legal representatives): parenting meetings, clubs, "Open days", subbotniks, etc.

In addition, decides on incentives, awards thank you letters the most active parents and assists DOs in attracting additional resources from extrabudgetary sources, mainly through voluntary charitable donations in property or money, legal and individuals, makes proposals for improving the educational process.

Thus, the organization of the activities of forms of collegial management will ensure the development of state and public principles of education management at a new level.

Hours of mental exhausting office meetings are not a myth, not grotesque, and not heroes of anecdotes. The realities of today's life are such that up to 50% of the working time is spent on empty chatter that does not bring any results. An accelerating life dictates new rules of office culture, conducting fast and effective meetings is part of corporate ethics.

What is a service meeting?

Can a five-minute meeting, a planning meeting, a meeting be classified as service meetings? What are the goals pursued by this format of collegial work? What are the generally accepted methodologies for conducting this meeting, and how can you achieve the highest results after the meeting is over?

A business meeting is a format of work in a company, with the goal of regular planning and control over the execution of planned cases for all services of the organization. This effective tool managing personnel and getting quick feedback from employees. True, this tool works successfully only in the skillful hands of a competent leader.

Before putting into operation such a form of communication with employees, an appropriate order is usually issued, which each participant in the meeting receives against signature for review and implementation. The body of the order indicates the goals, objectives, time and dates of service meetings, as well as the list of participants, regulations and the structure of the agenda.

The general purpose of holding office meetings is to involve employees, services and departments, both managers and line personnel, in the management and decision-making process.

Service meetings include planning meetings, operational meetings, five-minute meetings, at which the vector of the company's development as a whole is agreed, the tactics and strategy of the enterprise are developed, and specific tasks are set. At the planning meetings, current issues are resolved, a kind of reminder, a reconciliation of the general course. Rapid response - a quick meeting to resolve some problematic or conflict situation in a collective. the main objective business meeting - setting and solving new problems.

When confusion begins in a company about these concepts, the cost-effectiveness of working time is steadily downward.

The main mistakes when conducting business meetings

An ineffective meeting betrays the immaturity of the manager and / or organizer of this format of employee communication. In any business, you need experience and skills that can convey the general line of the company to employees, get the most out of them.

The main signal of an inept meeting is mutual dissatisfaction with the results: the leader expects response from subordinates, who, in turn, want to get the most favorable conditions for themselves. However, at the same time, no one, with anyone, agrees on anything at the meeting.

At the same time, an office illness develops - a hypocritical image of interested participation in business meetings, which, in fact, are empty chatter, discussion of office gossip. For hired employees, such events are entertaining in nature, there is another opportunity not to work, not to carry out daily routine duties.

Quite often, after such a regulated chatter, the manager begins to demand results from the employees, a conflict of interest occurs, followed by dismissal employees, sometimes by whole departments.

One of the most frequent mistakes when holding service meetings - an unstructured presentation of a manager's decision, when, instead of brainstorming, a top manager sets high demands, and a team that is unable to fulfill them, in turn, puts forward reasons why the proposal cannot be fulfilled.

This happens because often the leader himself does not know what he wants and does not look for ways to achieve the desired results.

Secrets of effective meetings

For the meeting to be held with the highest efficiency and bring significant results, the initiator of this collegial form of work needs to know some secrets.

Setting the purpose of the meeting. Any business begins with the correct goal setting. Before gathering employees for a business meeting, the organizer needs to answer a number of questions:

Feasibility of holding a meeting;

Correct regulations and exact subject;

Markers by which it will be possible to judge the effectiveness of the event.

The leader is a strategist who is able to set a clear and specific task. Subordinates are specialists who know what tools should be used to implement the assigned tasks.

Appointment of those responsible for the meeting. Any business meeting is held according to the standard laws of the genre - first, a thorough preparation is carried out, the appointment of persons responsible for inviting employees, collecting expectations and proposals, leading each agenda item, executors and secretaries, fixing the stages of the meeting, filling out minutes and reports.

Optimal selection of participants. The success of the meeting largely depends on those who will take part in the service meeting. It is unacceptable to involve in such events incompetent employees who can lead the event in the other direction. The selection of specialists who are ready to discuss the issues raised at the service meeting must be entrusted to a competent organizer-strategist.

Establishment of regulations. A business meeting, depending on the issues to be solved and the size of the company, usually fits within the standard duration - from thirty minutes to two hours. The planning meeting should be over in five to ten minutes, and the operative within forty minutes - an hour.

Preparing a meeting plan. Before the opening of the business meeting, each participant receives a detailed plan of the agenda, reporting materials, according to which he can prepare his questions and / or reports.

Approximate structure of the agenda. This document may include main points related to operational, tactical and / or strategic management in company. The structure of the agenda usually includes a specific list of tasks dictated by the plans of the enterprise, and ways to solve them. In addition, additional tasks may be on the agenda, which it is desirable to complete in the near future.

Conducting a meeting. In order for a business meeting to be held as efficiently as possible and not turn into a protracted chaos, you need to start it right on time, move from question to question quickly, without swinging. It is necessary to summarize the subtotal after each discussed issue, indicating exact time and the date of the responsible employees for the execution. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce discussions to a minimum, allowing only refinements when developing solutions.

Efficiency measurements. Each meeting held should be analyzed for compliance with the set goals and objectives. Meeting effectiveness is measured by proportionality desired result in relation to the costs required to carry it out.

Control and analysis. After the effectiveness of the business meeting has been achieved, it is necessary to control the result and conduct a thorough analysis. The ability to measure, analyze and control all data is the quality of a wise leader who can lead a company to the market leader.

Notes for a smart leader

A business meeting is best held at the beginning of the day, when employees are able to generate intelligent solutions.

The code of corporate ethics should specify the algorithm, the schedule of meetings and its frequency, regulations, goals and objectives. It is best to hold such a meeting on Mondays, when you need to set mini-tasks for the week and take stock of the past reporting period.

Every employee should know and be prepared for the time, place and date of regular business meetings. This point is best reflected in job responsibilities each employee, indicating the degree of his responsibility and participation. This is the ethics of service relations, the violation of which entails serious illness of the team.

Within the framework of meetings, resistance from employees quite often occurs, which must be diagnosed on time and skillfully removed, without leading to sabotage and internal conflicts of interest. If in companies with an authoritarian management style, such resistance at meetings is not encountered due to fear or uncertainty, it must be artificially provoked. Otherwise, in the process of performing and solving the assigned tasks, serious problems may arise caused by employee disloyalty to the company.

To prevent this practice, it is necessary to minimize problems at the stage of choosing a goal and setting a task for subordinates. To do this, it is necessary to distribute "earrings to all sisters", that is, to occupy the staff with important matters: to entrust the difficult stages of development and implementation of the project to someone, to delegate control over implementation, to motivate others for "feats" by increasing the authority in the team, temporarily appointing acting as a line manager or demotivating particularly zealous employees.

The responsibility of employees for the fulfillment of assigned tasks must be distributed so that they can be comfortably controlled. At each meeting, it is necessary to summarize and mark the especially distinguished employees and punish those guilty and sabotaging work with the whole team. No discussions and decisions should be allowed behind the workers' backs, since the danger of an outbreak of intra-company conflicts immediately appears.

It is useful for every leader to know the differences between service meetings, planning meetings and operational tasks from brainstorming, exchange of views, and discussions. Both the one and the other control format involves receiving feedback, but in different ways. Business meetings are a technology for managing people and setting tactical and strategic tasks, and the format of the discussion is informal communication, a marker of the fact that the leader is inexperienced and does not know how to manage the course of the meeting, direct it in the right direction.

In addition, the business meeting is divided into:

Instructive, when the leader gives out precise instructions and receives feedback from subordinates;

Operational, within the framework of which current tasks are solved;

Problematic, when some problem of the team is being sorted out and a step-by-step plan for getting out of the current crisis situation is being developed.

Many modern companies sin with confusion of business formats, dragging the team into the abyss of confusion, conflicts and discussions of completely non-working issues. Format structuring is part of a culture that obeys strict corporate standards.

Evaluating the effectiveness of business meetings

How to understand that a business meeting was conducted competently and extremely efficiently? You need to answer the following questions:

Have you achieved the goals set for the event?

Has the entire agenda been considered? Have all the questions been discussed?

Did you meet the allotted time limit?

Have all decisions been communicated to the executors?

Did the performers understand their tasks and deadlines correctly?

When answering these questions, a quantitative component will arise - how many people are involved in solving the issue, how many working hours they need to complete tasks, how much money is needed for this, and so on. A quantitative marker is a good tool for analyzing performance over time and comparing with past periods.

As a rule, effectively held meetings, when all goals are achieved in the right time, bring tangible results.

Conducting a highly effective meeting is a real art, where the leader enters as the conductor, the secretary as the first violin, and the whole team as the whole orchestra. What kind of score this living organism will perform depends on careful preparation and competent conduct of a business meeting - classical music that can evoke enthusiastic emotions and inspire future victories, or a cacophony of sounds that kills everything around.

Smart managerial moves to you, gentlemen!

Zhanna Pyatirikova specially for the business portal BZZN.ru